PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ETHANOL AND RISK FOR ALCOHOLISM

对乙醇的心理生物学反应和酗酒风险

• 批准号: 6233820
• 负责人: CINDY L EHLERS
• 金额: $ 19.22万
• 依托单位: SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-12-01 至 1997-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6233820
• 关键词: Asian Americans; Native Americans; adolescence (12-20); alcohol dehydrogenase; alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; aldehyde dehydrogenases; alleles; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; biomarker; blood tests; brain electrical activity; cortisol; disease /disorder proneness /risk; electroencephalography; ethanol; evoked potentials; expectancy; family genetics; genotype; human genetic material tag; human subject; male; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; young adult human (21-34)

The prevalence of alcohol abuse and alcoholism among different ethnic groups varies widely. Asian populations appear to have lower rates of alcoholism than other ethnic groups, whereas certain tribes of Native Americans have very high rates of alcohol abuse. These differences in rates of alcoholism between different ethnic groups are thought to reflect a combination of sociocultural and biological factors. Several studies have provided evidence to suggest that there may be racial and ethnic differences in biologic sensitivity to ethanol. The source of this disparity in ethanol sensitivity, while not well understood, presumably is the result of genetic differences in metabolic factors as well as differences in CNS "reactivity." The overall objective of the proposed studies is to extend our previous investigations, which had evaluated reaction to ethanol in Caucasian sons of alcoholics, to the study of Asian and Native American men. Genotyping for differences in alcohol metabolizing enzymes as well as ethanol reactivity will be evaluated using an ethanol challenge protocol. The specific aims of this investigation are: 1) To recruit a group of ASIAN men from the general community and who are 18-25 years of age and who are free of medical and psychiatric disorders. 2) To recruit a group of ASIAN and NATIVE AMERICAN MEN who are 16-25 years of age who are free of medical and psychiatric disorders. 3) To genotype all subjects for the presence of ALDH2, ADH2, and ADH3 alleles. 4) To carefully screen all subjects on personal history variables and to determine if any family history of alcoholism or other psychiatric disorders exist in first- and second-degree relatives. 5) To identify subgroups within the Asian and Native American populations for study. Within the Asian population, family history negative nonflushers (ALDH2*1 homozygotes) and flushers (heterozygotes and homozygotes for the ALDH2*2 allele) will be determined as well as some family history positive men. Within the Native American population, family history positive and negative individuals will be identified as well as those with possible differences in ADH2 or ADH3 alleles. 6) To test response to ethanol and placebo challenge in these matched sub-groups using behavioral, neuroendocrine, and electrophysiologic measures. 7) To follow-up both groups of men to determine if they develop changes in alcohol drinking patterns or alcohol related problems over the course of the study.

不同种族的酗酒和酗酒患病率 群体差异很大。 亚洲人口的患病率似乎较低 酗酒程度高于其他种族，而某些原住民部落 美国人的酗酒率非常高。 这些差异 人们认为不同种族群体之间的酗酒率 反映了社会文化和生物因素的结合。 一些 研究提供的证据表明，可能存在种族和 对乙醇的生物敏感性存在种族差异。 的来源 乙醇敏感性的这种差异虽然还没有被很好地理解， 可能是代谢因素遗传差异的结果 以及中枢神经系统“反应性”的差异。总体目标 拟议的研究是为了扩展我们之前的调查，其中 评估了酗酒者的白人儿子对乙醇的反应 对亚洲和美洲原住民男性的研究。 差异基因分型 酒精代谢酶以及乙醇反应性将 使用乙醇挑战方案进行评估。 本次活动的具体目标 调查内容是：1）从将军中招募一批亚裔男子 年龄在 18-25 岁且无医疗和医疗费用的社区居民 精神疾病。 2) 招募一批亚裔和美洲原住民 16-25 岁且未接受过医疗和精神科治疗的男性 失调。 3) 对所有受试者进行基因分型以确定是否存在 ALDH2、ADH2、 和 ADH3 等位基因。 4）仔细筛选个人历史上的所有科目 变量并确定是否有酗酒或其他家族史 一级和二级亲属存在精神疾病。 5) 至 确定亚裔和美洲原住民人口中的亚群体 学习。 在亚洲人群中，家族史阴性、不脸红的人 （ALDH2*1 纯合子）和冲洗者（杂合子和纯合子） ALDH2*2 等位基因）以及一些家族史将被确定 积极的男人。 在美洲原住民人口中，家族史 积极和消极的个人将被识别以及那些 ADH2 或 ADH3 等位基因可能存在差异。 6) 测试响应 在这些匹配的亚组中使用乙醇和安慰剂进行挑战 行为、神经内分泌和电生理测量。 7) 至 对两组男性进行随访，以确定他们的身体状况是否发生变化 饮酒过程中的饮酒模式或与酒精相关的问题 研究。