Tracking relevant nanomaterial transformations, exposure, uptake and effects in freshwater and soil systems

跟踪淡水和土壤系统中相关纳米材料的转化、暴露、吸收和影响

• 批准号: NE/N006224/1
• 负责人: David Spurgeon
• 金额: $ 41.17万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN006224%2F1
• 关键词: Tracking; relevant; nanomaterial; transformations; exposure

Nanomaterials (NM) are very small particles much less than the width of a human hair. They are synthesised to provide different properties from larger forms of the same material and they are now used in a wide range of products. The properties that NMs provide include enhanced strength, an ability to reflect light or to react with other chemicals, and efficient electrical conductance. The value of NM is now very widely recognised and many companies are starting to use them in common consumer products, such as sunscreens and cosmetics, plus industry products, such as fabrics and building materials. This means that small quantities of NMs will reach the wider environment from everyday product use.A great deal of recent research has gone into assessing the safety of NMs for humans and the environment. Most of these studies have looked at NMs in their newly-manufactured forms. It is increasingly apparent, however, that once NMs are released into the wider environment, they do not stay in their manufactured state - they change or 'transform'. Transformations can affect NM size, charge, their surface coatings and their ability to bind to other things such as soil particles or other chemicals. Transformations occur both during transfer to the environment (e.g. via sewage works) and once NMs reach the wider environment itself (rivers, sediments and soils). It is of huge importance that we understand the transformation processes and environmental fate(s) of NMs as they can affect their toxicity to humans and the environment. The aim of this project is to study these NM transformations in more detail. We want to better understand whether different types of NMs are transformed in the same or different ways. We will conduct our work with different types of NMs, including those made from silver, titanium dioxide, polystyrene (a type of plastic) and graphene (a type of carbon). We will first use laboratory methods that mimic the ways that NMs are changed during sewage treatment and in natural waters and soils to create the transformed materials that we will then study. We will test how these new and changed NMs affect a range of common aquatic and soil organisms and contrasting their toxicity in their "pristine" state with that after they have been transformed in the environment for different times. During our tests, we will measure how much of each material is taken up by the organisms into different tissues and whether this affects how they grow and reproduce. We will also measure the activity of different genes that are likely to be affected as organisms take up different NMs. We predict that each NM will be transformed in a way that changes its likelihood to cause harmful effects. Each test will be repeated using different soils and waters typically found across the UK, to determine how transformations vary under different conditions.Finally, we will build custom-made, large exposure systems ('mesocosms') designed to mimic the rivers into which sewage works discharged and soils upon which sludge is spread, and populate them with a wide range of common UK native plants, invertebrates and fish (in the waters). By following these mesocosms for several months, we can simulate what may actually be happening in real UK environments in terms of the fate and effects of our transformed NMs. We will use the results to improve models able to predict how our transformed NMs will behave and the effects they will have. Taken together, our results should help us to predict the toxicity of NMs to help assure their safety, supporting the growth of the nanotechnology industry into the future. To this latter end we will run and coordinate a UK Nano-Academics & Regulators Platform, and will also present our results through major European Union (NanoSafety Cluster) and worldwide (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Discussion) policy working groups, as well as to the public, so reaching as wide an audience as possible.

纳米材料（NM）比人头发的宽度小得多。它们合成以提供来自较大形式的相同材料的不同性质，现在它们被用于广泛的产品。 NMS提供的特性包括增强的强度，反射光或与其他化学物质反应的能力以及有效的电导。现在，NM的价值已被广泛认可，许多公司开始将其用于常见的消费产品，例如防晒和化妆品，以及工业产品，例如面料和建筑材料。这意味着少量NM将从日常产品使用中到达更广泛的环境。最近的大量研究已用于评估NMS对人类和环境的安全。这些研究中的大多数都研究了其新制造形式的NMS。但是，越来越明显的是，一旦NM释放到更广泛的环境中，它们就不会保持在制造状态 - 它们会改变或“变换”。转换会影响NM的大小，电荷，其表面涂层以及它们与其他物质（例如土壤颗粒或其他化学物质）结合的能力。转变在转移到环境期间（例如，通过污水处理）以及NMS到达更广泛的环境本身（河流，沉积物和土壤）。我们了解NMS的转型过程和环境命运是非常重要的，因为它们可以影响其对人类和环境的毒性。该项目的目的是更详细地研究这些NM转换。我们希望更好地理解不同类型的NMS是以相同或不同的方式转换。我们将使用不同类型的NM进行工作，包括由银，二氧化钛，聚苯乙烯（一种塑料）和石墨烯（一种碳）制成的。我们将首先使用实验室方法，这些方法模仿污水处理过程中NMS以及在天然水域和土壤中改变的方式来创建转化的材料，然后我们将研究这些材料。我们将测试这些新的和改变的NM如何影响一系列常见的水生生物，并将其在“原始”状态的毒性与它们在不同时期发生在环境中发生后的毒性与之对比。在测试期间，我们将测量每种材料被生物体吸收到不同组织中，以及这是否影响它们的生长和繁殖方式。我们还将衡量随着生物占用不同的NM的不同基因的活性，这些基因可能受到影响。我们预测，每个NM将以改变其可能引起有害影响的可能性的方式进行转换。 Each test will be repeated using different soils and waters typically found across the UK, to determine how transformations vary under different conditions.Finally, we will build custom-made, large exposure systems ('mesocosms') designed to mimic the rivers into which sewage works discharged and soils upon which sludge is spread, and populate them with a wide range of common UK native plants, invertebrates and fish (in the waters).通过遵循这些中兆几个月的时间，我们可以根据我们转型的NMS的命运和影响来模拟在真正的英国环境中实际发生的事情。我们将使用结果来改进能够预测我们转化的NM的行为以及它们将产生的影响的模型。综上所述，我们的结果应有助于我们预测NMS的毒性，以确保其安全性，并支持纳米技术行业在未来中的增长。在后一端，我们将运行并协调一个英国纳米学院和监管机构平台，还将通过欧盟主要（纳米安全集群）和全球（经济合作与讨论组织）政策工作组以及公众来呈现我们的成果，以至于尽可能地吸引受众群体。

项目成果

Chemical transformation and surface functionalisation affect the potential to group nanoparticles for risk assessment

• DOI: 10.1039/d0en00578a
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Environmental science. Nano
• 作者: C. Schultz;J. Adams;K. Jurkschat;S. Lofts;D. Spurgeon

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms.

• DOI: 10.1039/c8en01378k
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Environmental science. Nano
• 作者: E. Petersen;M. Mortimer;R. Burgess;R. Handy;S. Hanna;K. Ho;Monique E. Johnson;S. Loureiro

Aging reduces the toxicity of pristine but not sulphidised silver nanoparticles to soil bacteria

• DOI: 10.1039/c8en00054a
• 发表时间: 2018-11
• 期刊: Environmental science. Nano
• 作者: C. Schultz;Joanna Gray;R. Verweij;M. Busquets-Fité;V. Puntes;C. Svendsen;E. Lahive;M. Matzke

Soil properties influence the toxicity and availability of Zn from ZnO nanoparticles to earthworms

土壤特性影响 ZnO 纳米粒子对蚯蚓的毒性和有效性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120907
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Environmental Pollution
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Lahive E

Off-Target Stoichiometric Binding Identified from Toxicogenomics Explains Why Some Species Are More Sensitive than Others to a Widely Used Neonicotinoid.

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05125
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: Environmental science & technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: S. Short;A. Robinson;E. Lahive;A. Green Etxabe;Szabolcs Hernádi;M. Pereira;P. Kille;D. Spurgeon