Structure and transport properties of jets in the atmosphere and oceans

大气和海洋中喷流的结构和输运特性

• 批准号: NE/M014983/1
• 负责人: Richard Scott
• 金额: $ 36.06万
• 依托单位: University of St Andrews
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM014983%2F1
• 关键词: Structure; transport; properties; jets; atmosphere

Over the last several years, the strongly inhomogeneous nature ofatmospheric and oceanic mixing in diverse situations has becomeincreasingly apparent, as high resolution numerical simulations andobservations begin to represent accurately the detailed spatialstructure of air and water masses and their constituents. Mixing isnow known to be confined to distinct latitudinal regions, oftenseparated by sharp gradients that indicate dynamical transportbarriers. Inhomogeneous mixing by waves and eddies in atmospheres andoceans is intrinsically linked to the presence of zonally alignedjets, which not only arise as a result of the eddy mixing, but alsoorganize the mixing in distinct latitudinal regions. The combinedeffect is a dynamical feedback that is now known to operate under verygeneral conditions. Inhomogeneous mixing is important for thetransport of constituents such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, ozone,heat, and salinity; their inhomogeneous re-distribution impacts bothglobal radiative balances and regional climate change.Despite recent advances, a complete understanding of the way zonaljets organize inhomogeneous mixing, in particular the verticalstructure of such mixing, remains elusive. Progress in understandingthe horizontal structure of jets and mixing has been made recently, inparticular by focusing on the potential vorticity, a key dynamicalquantity that contains information about both horizontal rotationalmotion and density stratification. The aim of this project is tobuild on that recent work to develop a complete theory for thevertical structure of jets and mixing. In doing so, it willcontribute to our understanding both of the structure of the dominantjet structures in the atmosphere and oceans, as well as providingpredictions of how they will reach dynamical equilibrium underdifferent forcing conditions, conditions that may change in a changingclimate. It is anticipated that the new theory will allow us toassess the robustness of predictions made by climate models, which arenow beginning to accurately represent the complexities inherent in jetstructures.As well as advancing our fundamental understanding of basic dynamicalprocesses, we will study four specific issues of current importance inclimate science: (i) systematic transport of trace chemicals withinthe stratosphere; (ii) the coupling of the stratospheric andtropospheric circulations; (iii) the consequences of a climatic shiftin the tropospheric jet stream; and (iv) inhomogeneous transport andmixing associated with jets in the Southern Ocean. The projecthighlights how advances in fundamental science can be effectivelycombined with directed goals driven by specific applications.

在过去的几年中，随着高分辨率的数值模拟和观察的高分辨率开始准确地代表了空气和水质量及其成分的详细空间结构，在各种情况下，强烈的不均匀性质和海洋混合的强烈不均匀性变得显而易见。众所周知，混合限于不同的纬度区域，通常由表明动态传输机的尖锐梯度表现出来。大气中的波浪和涡流的不均匀混合与Zonally AlignedJets的存在本质上有关，这不仅是由于涡流混合而产生的，而且还会在不同的纬度区域中混合。联合效应是一种动态反馈，现在已知可以在非常笼统的条件下运行。不均匀的混合对于诸如水蒸气，二氧化碳，臭氧，热和盐度等成分的theTransport很重要。他们的不均匀重新分布会影响全球辐射平衡和区域气候变化。尽管最近进步，但对Zonaljets组织不均匀混合的方式的完全理解，特别是这种混合的垂直结构，仍然难以捉摸。最近，通过关注潜在的涡度，这是一个尤其是关于水平旋转旋转和密度分层的信息，了解了电流和混合的水平结构的进展。该项目的目的是建立了最近的工作，以开发出喷气机和混合的概括结构的完整理论。这样一来，这将使我们理解大气和海洋中主导派结构的结构，以及提供如何达到动态平衡不变的强迫条件的预测，这些条件可能会在变化的气候变化中发生变化。可以预料，新理论将使我们对气候模型做出的预测的鲁棒性，该竞技场开始准确地代表了Jetstructures中固有的复杂性。以及我们对基本动力学的基本了解，我们将研究当前重要性科学的四个特定问题：（i）在统一层中痕量化学物质的系统运输； （ii）平流层和对流层循环的耦合； （iii）气候变化在对流层喷射流中的后果； （iv）与南大洋中的喷气式飞机相关的不均匀运输和混合。 ProjectHighlight是如何通过特定应用程序驱动的定向目标有效地巩固基础科学的进步。

项目成果

Scaling theory for vortices in the two-dimensional inverse energy cascade

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2016.756
• 发表时间: 2016-12
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: B. H. Burgess;R. K. Scott

Extended scale invariance in the vortices of freely evolving two-dimensional turbulence

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevfluids.2.114702
• 发表时间: 2017-11
• 作者: B. H. Burgess;D. Dritschel;R. K. Scott

On the spacing of meandering jets in the strong-stair limit

强楼梯极限下曲流射流间距的研究

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2021.898
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Scott R

Vortex scaling ranges in two-dimensional turbulence

• DOI: 10.1063/1.4993144
• 发表时间: 2017-07
• 期刊: Physics of Fluids
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: B. H. Burgess;D. Dritschel;R. K. Scott

Robustness of vortex populations in the two-dimensional inverse energy cascade

二维逆能量级联中涡群的鲁棒性

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2018.473
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Burgess B