Potential vorticity control of the Brewer-Dobson circulation

布鲁尔-多布森环流的位涡控制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    NE/H005803/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 26.38万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2010 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The Brewer-Dobson circulation, the slow, persistent ascent of tropical tropospheric air into the stratosphere and its poleward and downward recirculation, plays a key role in determining the chemical composition of the entire middle atmosphere with profound effects on the earth system. It is responsible for the long-time and long-range transport of chemical species within the stratosphere, notably those involved in ozone chemistry. Its ascending branch causes local cooling near the tropical tropopause, controlling the dehydration of air ascending into the stratosphere and hence the distribution of stratospheric water vapour and the formation of polar stratospheric clouds. It therefore plays a central role in our estimates for ozone recovery over the next 50 years. Further, through its influence on the distribution of stratospheric water vapour, carbon dioxide, and ozone it influences stratospheric radiative heating, which in turn affects stratospheric dynamics and ultimately, through dynamical coupling with the troposphere, surface climate. There is mounting evidence from numerical climate models that tropical upwelling from the Brewer-Dobson circulation is increasing in strength, and will continue to do so in a warming climate. Broadly speaking, the proposed work will attempt to better understand the processes responsible for this trend and to establish how robust the trend is to uncertainties in current climate models. It will do this mostly by examining a dynamical quantity called the potential vorticity, a measure of the rotation of air parcels that takes into account local density stratification and the background rotation of the Earth. The variation of potential vorticity with latitude, mostly due to the differential rotation of the planet, allows a type of wave motion, Rossby waves, to propagate up into the atmosphere. These waves can break, much like water waves break on a beach, and where they do so they cause a local deposition of momentum, which forces air parcels to move poleward in order to conserve their angular momentum. It is this basic process that drives the Brewer-Dobson circulation. However, much remains uncertain about the distribution of these waves in the atmosphere and where they eventually break. Much depends on the details of the background potential vorticity distribution, which, however, tends to organise itself into a highly inhomogeneous distribution with regions of very steep gradients separated by regions of very weak gradients. These inhomogeneities are notoriously difficult to represent in numerical models because of limited horizontal resolution. The proposed work will therefore consider in some detail the nature of wave propagation and breaking on this inhomogeneous potential vorticity distribution, how such propagation and breaking is affected when the inhomogeneities are poorly represented, and how this in turn affects the Brewer-Dobson circulation.
Brewer-Dobson的循环是热带对流层空气及其极端和向下再循环的缓慢,持续的上升,在确定整个中间大气的化学组成中起着对地球系统的深远影响的关键作用。它负责在平流层内化学物种的长时间和长期运输,尤其是参与臭氧化学的人。它的上升分支在热带热带地面附近引起局部冷却,从而控制空气上升到平流层的脱水,从而控制平流层水蒸气的分布和极性平流层云的形成。因此,它在我们对未来50年的臭氧恢复估计中起着核心作用。此外,通过其对平流层水蒸气,二氧化碳和臭氧的分布的影响,它影响了平流层辐射加热,这又影响了平流层动力学,最终通过与对流层的动态耦合,最终会影响地表气候。来自数值气候模型的越来越多的证据表明,从酿酒厂循环中的热带上升的强度正在增加,并且将在温暖的气候下继续这样做。从广义上讲,拟议的工作将试图更好地了解导致这一趋势的过程,并确定在当前气候模型中不确定性的趋势多么强大。它将主要通过检查称为电涡度的动力学数量来做到这一点,这是对局部密度分层和地球背景旋转的空气包裹的旋转度量的度量。潜在涡度与纬度的变化,主要是由于行星的差异旋转,使波动的类型,罗斯比波,可以传播到大气中。这些海浪可能会破裂,就像水浪波动在海滩上破裂一样,在这里它们会引起局部动量沉积,这迫使空气包裹向极向移动以保护其角动量。正是这个基本过程驱动了酿酒师循环。但是,对于这些波在大气中的分布以及它们最终破裂的地方仍然不确定。在很大程度上取决于背景潜在涡度分布的细节,但是,这种分布倾向于将自己组织成高度不均匀的分布,而梯度非常陡峭的区域被非常弱梯度的区域隔开。由于水平分辨率有限,这些不均匀性很难在数值模型中表示。因此,拟议的工作将详细考虑波传播的性质和破坏这种不均匀的潜在涡度分布,当不均匀性的代表性较差时,这种传播和破裂如何影响,以及这又如何影响酿酒商 - 酿酒师循环。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
The onset of the barotropic sudden warming in a global model
全球模型中正压突然变暖的开始
The role of planetary waves in the tropospheric jet response to stratospheric cooling
行星波在对流层急流对平流层冷却的响应中的作用
A new class of vacillations of the stratospheric polar vortex
平流层极地涡旋的一类新的波动
On the formation and maintenance of the stratospheric surf zone as inferred from the zonally averaged potential vorticity distribution
从纬向平均位涡分布推断平流层冲浪区的形成与维持
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Richard Scott其他文献

Towards a safe system for cycling: development and application of a cycling safety system model: preparing New Zealanders for utility cycling
建立自行车安全系统:自行车安全系统模型的开发和应用:为新西兰人的实用自行车做好准备
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    H. Mackie;Greer Hawley;Richard Scott;A. Woodward
  • 通讯作者:
    A. Woodward
The Eskimo-Aleut Dentition: Crown and Root Morphology
爱斯基摩-阿留申牙列:牙冠和牙根形态
The institutional construction of organizations : international and longitudinal studies
组织的制度建设:国际和纵向研究
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    1995
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    W.;Richard Scott;Sgren Christensen
  • 通讯作者:
    Sgren Christensen
Developments in Organization Theory, 1960-1980
组织理论的发展,1960-1980
  • DOI:
    10.1177/000276428102400306
  • 发表时间:
    1981
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.2
  • 作者:
    Richard Scott
  • 通讯作者:
    Richard Scott
The Costs and Benefits of Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Patients with Dystonia: An Initial Exploration
  • DOI:
    10.1111/j.1525-1403.2005.05233.x
  • 发表时间:
    2005-07-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    John Yianni;Alexander L. Green;Emma McIntosh;Richard G. Bittar;Carol Joint;Richard Scott;Ralph Gregory;Peter G. Bain;Tipu Z. Aziz
  • 通讯作者:
    Tipu Z. Aziz

Richard Scott的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Richard Scott', 18)}}的其他基金

Structure and transport properties of jets in the atmosphere and oceans
大气和海洋中喷流的结构和输运特性
  • 批准号:
    NE/M014983/1
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 26.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Secondary Circulations on the Potential Vorticity Staircase: A Theory of Atmospheric Transport
位涡阶梯上的二次环流:大气输送理论
  • 批准号:
    1333029
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 26.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
The Potential Vorticity Staircase: Formation and Maintenance of Zonal Jets
势涡阶梯:纬向急流的形成和维持
  • 批准号:
    0827210
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 26.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Mixing and Transport in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere
对流层上层和平流层下层的混合和输送
  • 批准号:
    0527385
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 26.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Influence of Potential Vorticity Distributions on Rossby Wave Propagation in the Troposphere and Stratosphere
位涡分布对罗斯贝波在对流层和平流层传播的影响
  • 批准号:
    0435931
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 26.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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面向惯性约束聚变的可压缩湍流螺旋度理论与大涡模拟模型研究
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Surfzone Vorticity
面带涡度
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    Standard Grant
Dynamics of compressible vorticity based on deepening of noncanonical Hamiltonian system by Nambu brackets
基于Nambu括号深化非正则哈密顿系统的可压缩涡动力学
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  • 财政年份:
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倾斜浅水流的多维和涡度效应
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