Arctic Sea-Ice-Zone Blowing Snow - Contribution to Sea Salt Aerosol (ABSCISSA)

北极海冰区吹雪 - 对海盐气溶胶 (ABSCISSA) 的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
NE/M005852/1
负责人：
Anna Jones
金额：
$ 5.08万
依托单位：
British Antarctic Survey
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM005852%2F1
关键词：
Arctic Sea Ice Zone Blowing

项目摘要

The Arctic sea ice zone (SIZ) affects atmospheric composition and climate, and it is responding rapidly to climate change. We urgently need to quantify its influence on the regional/global atmosphere so we can predict how this may change in the future. Arctic research is logistically and scientifically challenging, and continually relies on new international partnerships, shared science expertise, data, and logistics. This scientific context and modus operandi entirely reflects our focus and approach within the proposed ABSCISSA project.Our scientific focus is the potential of the Arctic SIZ to be a source of sea salt aerosol (SSA). Aerosols are small particles in the atmosphere which play several critical roles. They affect the transmission of sunlight and the formation of clouds. They host the production of halogen compounds to the atmosphere which in turn affect atmospheric oxidation chemistry and the availability of mercury to the food chain - a major current health concern for Arctic people. When they are deposited on polar ice caps, sea salt aerosols leave a record of past conditions that can be accessed by drilling ice cores. So it's important to pinpoint and quantify sources of SSA. There is strong evidence that in the polar regions, the source is the effect of wind blowing on salty snow on the sea ice surface. If this is right, it opens the possibility of using ice core data to derive changes in sea ice extent over long time periods. It is therefore important to understand the sources of polar sea salt aerosol and to be able to predict how they may vary with, and feedback to, climate.Field work within the SIZ is challenging - the area is hard to access and very few ship-based programmes operate there, particularly during the winter. However in winter 2015, the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI) will host a cruise on their research ship, Lance, deep within the Arctic SIZ. We have negotiated a chance to participate but need funding for the mandatory financial contribution. We have established new project partners in NPI with whom to work. Our scientific aim is to determine whether wind-blown snow on sea ice really is the dominant source of Arctic sea salt aerosol, and to make a series of measurements needed to parameterise this process in numerical models. We will use the same methodology, equipment and personnel deployed by us during a previous successful winter cruise to the Antarctic SIZ (funded by NERC), thus using previous NERC investment as a springboard for this Arctic research. The Arctic SIZ is substantially different from that of the Antarctic so to assess sea salt sources and impacts in the Arctic, we must have data derived directly from the Arctic SIZ. The collaboration with NPI is highly mutually beneficial: NPI logistics will enable access to an otherwise inaccessible region; we will make novel measurements, needed, but not made by our NPI partners; similarly, their data will fill gaps in our measurement suite; we will all contribute expertise for data interpretation. Such working practices provide considerable leverage, and build strong collaborations for the future.Strategically, the project fits within a government-level MoU that aims to increase scientific collaboration between the UK and Norway. The project fits NERC aspirations for BAS to assume an increased role in the Arctic. In the longer-term, we will use our data i) to scale up to derive an Arctic regional source, ii) to compare with sea salt production over Antarctica, iii) to assess the impact on chemical composition of the atmosphere, and iv) to assess the suitability of sea salt aerosol as a sea ice proxy. Our results thus contribute to a range of different academic groups, raise the profile and momentum of UK science within the Arctic, and contribute to an area of intense scientific, political and public interest: the socio-economic and climatic implications and feedbacks associated with reducing Arctic sea ice extent.

北极海冰区（SIZ）会影响大气成分和气候，并且对气候变化的反应迅速。我们迫切需要量化其对区域/全球氛围的影响，以便我们可以预测未来可能会发生变化。北极研究在逻辑和科学上具有挑战性，并不断依赖于新的国际伙伴关系，共享科学专业知识，数据和物流。这种科学的环境和作案手法完全反映了我们在拟议的芭比莎项目中的重点和方法。我们的科学重点是北极SIZ成为海盐气溶胶（SSA）的潜力。气溶胶是大气中的小颗粒，起着几个关键作用。它们会影响阳光的传播和云的形成。他们将卤素化合物的生产到大气中，进而影响大气中的氧化化学和对食物链的汞的可用性，这是北极人员当前的主要健康问题。当它们沉积在极地冰盖上时，海盐气溶胶留下了可以通过钻冰芯进入的过去条件的记录。因此，重要的是要查明和量化SSA的来源。有强有力的证据表明，在极地地区，来源是风向海冰表面咸雪的影响。如果这是正确的，它将开辟使用冰核数据在长期内得出海冰范围变化的可能性。因此，重要的是要了解极地海盐气溶胶的来源，并能够预测它们可能如何与气候变化和反馈。基于计划在那里运行，尤其是在冬季。然而，在2015年冬季，挪威极地研究所（NPI）将在其研究船兰斯（Lance）巡游北极SIZ内。我们已经谈判了有机会参加的机会，但需要资金来进行强制性的财务贡献。我们已经在NPI中建立了新的项目合作伙伴。我们的科学目的是确定海冰上的风吹雪是否真的是北极海盐气溶胶的主要来源，并进行一系列测量，以在数值模型中参数化这一过程。我们将在先前成功的冬季巡游（由NERC资助）的冬季巡游中使用相同的方法，设备和人员，从而将以前的NERC投资作为这项北极研究的跳板。北极SIZ与南极的SIZ大不相同，因此为了评估北极的海盐来源和影响，我们必须直接获得北极SIZ的数据。与NPI的合作是高度互惠的：NPI物流将使访问原本无法接近的区域；我们将进行新颖的测量，但不是我们的NPI合作伙伴进行的；同样，他们的数据将填补我们的测量套件中的空白；我们都将为数据解释提供专业知识。这种工作实践为未来提供了相当大的杠杆作用，并为未来建立了强大的合作。从表面上讲，该项目符合政府级别的谅解备忘录，旨在增加英国和挪威之间的科学合作。该项目符合NERC的BAS愿望，可以在北极发挥作用。从长远来看，我们将使用数据i）扩展以得出北极区域来源，ii）与南极洲的海盐产量进行比较，iii），以评估对大气化学成分的影响，iv）评估海盐气溶胶作为海冰代理的适用性。因此，我们的结果促成了一系列不同的学术团体，提高了北极科学的形象和势头，并促进了强烈的科学，政治和公共利益的领域：社会经济和气候的影响和与减少相关的社会经济和气候含义和反馈北极海冰范围。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Mechanistic Insight into the Uptake and Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Sea Ice

DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.9b00967
发表时间：
2019-06-18
期刊：
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Garnett, Jack;Halsall, Crispin;Wynn, Peter
通讯作者：
Wynn, Peter

Arctic Sea Salt Aerosol from Blowing Snow and Sea Ice Surfaces - a Missing Natural Source in Winter

吹雪和海冰表面产生的北极海盐气溶胶——冬季缺失的天然来源

DOI：
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Frey, M.M.
通讯作者：
Frey, M.M.

Salinity profiles of snow on sea ice in the Weddell Sea (Antarctica) during austral winter 2013

2013 年南方冬季威德尔海（南极洲）海冰上积雪的盐度分布

DOI：
10.5285/c0261633-fd14-4d45-a58d-72998816c4cd
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Frey, M.M.
通讯作者：
Frey, M.M.

First direct observation of sea salt aerosol production from blowing snow above sea ice

首次直接观察海冰上方吹雪产生的海盐气溶胶

DOI：
10.5194/acp-2019-259
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Frey M
通讯作者：
Frey M

Snow Property Controls on Modeled Ku-Band Altimeter Estimates of First-Year Sea Ice Thickness: Case Studies From the Canadian and Norwegian Arctic

对第一年海冰厚度的模拟 Ku 波段高度计估计的雪属性控制：来自加拿大和挪威北极的案例研究

DOI：
10.1109/jstars.2020.2966432
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Nandan V
通讯作者：
Nandan V