South American Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA)

南美生物质燃烧分析 (SABBBA)

• 批准号: NE/J009881/1
• 负责人: David Oram
• 金额: $ 15.45万
• 依托单位: University of East Anglia
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ009881%2F1
• 关键词: South; American; Biomass; Burning; Analysis

Biomass burning aerosol (BBA) exerts a considerable impact on regional radiation budgets as it significantly perturbs the surface fluxes and atmospheric heating rates and its CCN properties perturb cloud microphysics and hence affect cloud radiative properties, precipitation and cloud lifetime. It is likely that such large influences on heating rates and CCN will affect regional weather predictions in addition to climatic changes. It is increasingly recognised that biomass burning affects the biosphere but the magnitude of the effects need to quantified. However, BBA is a complex and poorly understood aerosol species because of the mixing of the black carbon with organic and inorganic species. Furthermore, emission rates are poorly quantified and difficult to represent in models. It is now timely to address these challenges as both measurement methods and model capabilities have developed rapidly over the last few years and are now sufficiently advanced that the processes and properties of BBA can be sufficiently constrained by measurements; these can be used to challenge the new aerosol schemes used in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models. Amazonia is one of the most important biomass burning regions in the world, being significantly impacted by intense biomass burning during the dry season leading to highly turbid conditions, and is therefore a key environment for quantifying these processes and determining the influence of these interactions on the weather and climate of the region. Though previous large scale studies of BBA over Amazonia and its radiative impacts have been performed, these are now over a decade old and considerable scientific progress can be made towards addressing all of the above questions given the rapid advance of models and measurements in recent years. We are therefore proposing a major consortium programme, SAMBBA, a consortium of 7 university partners and the UK Met Office, which will deliver a suite of ground, aircraft and satellite measurements of Amazonian BBA and use this data to 1) improve our knowledge of BB emissions; 2) challenge and improve the latest aerosol process models; 3) challenge and improve satellite retrievals; 4) test predictions of aerosol influences on regional climate and weather over Amazonia and the surrounding regions made using the next generation of climate and NWP models with extensive prognostic aerosol schemes; and 5) assess the impact of .biomass burning on the Amazonian biosphere.The main field experiment will take place during September 2012 and is based in Porto Vehlo, Brazil. At this time of year, widespread burning takes place across the region leading to highly turbid conditions. The UK large research aircraft (FAAM) will be used to sample aerosol chemical, physical and optical properties and gas phase precursor concentrations. Measurements of radiation will also be made using advanced radiometers on board the aircraft and satellite data will also be utilised. The influences of biomass burning aerosols are highly significant at local, weather, seasonal, and climate temporal scales necessitating the use of a hierarchy of models to establish and test key processes and quantify impacts. We will challenge models carrying detailed process descriptions of biomass burning aerosols with the new, comprehensive observations being made during SAMBBA to evaluate model performance and to improve parameterisations. Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate model simulations with a range of complexity and spatial resolution will be used to investigate the ways in which absorbing aerosol may influence dynamics and climate on regional and wider scales. At the heart of the approach is the use of a new range of models that can investigate such interactions using coupled descriptions of aerosols and clouds to fully investigate feedbacks at spatial scales that are sufficiently well resolved to assess such processes.

生物质燃烧气溶胶 (BBA) 对区域辐射预算产生相当大的影响，因为它显着扰动地表通量和大气加热速率，其 CCN 特性扰乱云微物理，从而影响云辐射特性、降水和云寿命。除了气候变化之外，对加热率和 CCN 的如此大的影响很可能还会影响区域天气预报。人们越来越认识到生物质燃烧会影响生物圈，但影响的程度需要量化。然而，由于黑碳与有机和无机物质混合，BBA 是一种复杂且人们知之甚少的气溶胶物质。此外，排放率的量化很差并且难以在模型中表示。现在是时候应对这些挑战了，因为测量方法和模型能力在过去几年中已经迅速发展，并且现在已经足够先进，BBA 的过程和属性可以通过测量充分约束；这些可用于挑战数值天气预报（NWP）和气候模型中使用的新气溶胶方案。亚马逊流域是世界上最重要的生物质燃烧地区之一，在旱季期间受到强烈生物质燃烧的严重影响，导致高度浑浊的条件，因此是量化这些过程并确定这些相互作用对环境的影响的关键环境。该地区的天气和气候。尽管之前已经对亚马逊流域的 BBA 及其辐射影响进行了大规模研究，但这些研究现在已经有十多年的历史了，鉴于近年来模型和测量的快速发展，在解决上述所有问题方面可以取得相当大的科学进展。因此，我们提出一个主要的联盟计划 SAMBBA，这是一个由 7 所大学合作伙伴和英国气象局组成的联盟，该项目将提供一套亚马逊 BBA 的地面、飞机和卫星测量数据，并使用这些数据来 1) 提高我们对 BB 的了解排放； 2）挑战和改进最新的气溶胶过程模型； 3）挑战并改进卫星检索； 4) 使用下一代气候和数值天气预报模型以及广泛的气溶胶预测方案，测试气溶胶对亚马逊流域及周边地区区域气候和天气影响的预测； 5) 评估生物质燃烧对亚马逊生物圈的影响。主要现场实验将于 2012 年 9 月在巴西韦赫洛港进行。每年的这个时候，该地区都会发生大范围的燃烧，导致环境高度浑浊。英国大型研究飞机（FAAM）将用于对气溶胶化学、物理和光学特性以及气相前体浓度进行采样。辐射测量还将使用飞机上的先进辐射计进行，并且还将利用卫星数据。生物质燃烧气溶胶的影响在当地、天气、季节和气候时间尺度上非常显着，因此需要使用模型层次结构来建立和测试关键过程并量化影响。我们将利用 SAMBBA 期间进行的新的全面观察来挑战载有生物质燃烧气溶胶详细过程描述的模型，以评估模型性能并改进参数化。具有一系列复杂性和空间分辨率的数值天气预报和气候模型模拟将用于研究吸收气溶胶可能影响区域和更广泛尺度的动态和气候的方式。该方法的核心是使用一系列新的模型，这些模型可以使用气溶胶和云的耦合描述来研究这种相互作用，以充分研究空间尺度上的反馈，这些反馈可以充分解决以评估此类过程。

项目成果

Biomass burning emission disturbances of isoprene oxidation in a tropical forest

热带森林中异戊二烯氧化的生物质燃烧排放干扰

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-12715-2018
• 发表时间: 2017-12-22
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: F. Santos;K. Longo;A. Guenther;Saewung Kim;D. Gu;D. Oram;G. Forster;James D. Lee;J. Hopkins;J. Brito;S. Freitas
• 通讯作者: S. Freitas

Airborne observations of IEPOX-derived isoprene SOA in the Amazon during SAMBBA

SAMBBA 期间对亚马逊地区 IEPOX 衍生的异戊二烯 SOA 进行空中观测

• DOI: http://dx.10.5194/acp-14-11393-2014
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Allan J