RAGNARoCC: Radiatively active gases from the North Atlantic Region and Climate Change

RAGNARoCC：北大西洋地区的辐射活性气体与气候变化

• 批准号: NE/K002473/1
• 负责人: Andrew Watson
• 金额: $ 155.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK002473%2F1
• 关键词: RAGNARoCC; Radiatively; active; gases; North

Our object is to understand how large, and how variable, are sources and sinks of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere from the North Atlantic. We aim to be able to describe how these have changed in the recent past and how they will change in the future under different climate scenarios. Most effort will be concentrated on carbon dioxide, and we will deliver a comprehensive budgeting of natural and anthropogenic components of the carbon cycle in the North Atlantic and understanding of why the air-sea fluxes of CO2 vary regionally, seasonally and multi-annually. Observations of CH4 and N2O and estimates of their regional fluxes will additionally be made. We, in collaboration with our partner institutions in Europe and the US, will undertake surface measurements of CO2 air-sea fluxes made from networks of voluntary observing ships and at fixed sites. These will be synthesised with observations from hydrographic sections of the interior carbon content. We will thus obtain accurate estimates of the uptake, present storage, and net transport of anthropogenic carbon, and variability in the natural uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 by the N. Atlantic. In parallel with direct estimates made from these observations, forward and inverse models (of both atmospheric and oceanic kinds) of these fluxes will be developed. The main hypotheses are (1) that past uptake and variability of CO2 in the region can be quantified by examination of the deep carbon inventory in the Atlantic, (2) that the present observed variability in CO2 uptake is due to a combination of biological and physical processes that are driven by climatic variations, the main factors being captured by ocean carbon simulations embedded in climate models, and (3) these variations (past, present and future) are due to a combination of variability internal to the climate system and external anthropogenic forcing - in proportions we will determine. Objectives are (1) a template for operational forecasting of the fluxes of GHGs into and out of the N. Atlantic, to be implemented as part of ICOS and in combination with ECMWF (2) an understanding of that sink that can be used to improve projections of how the ocean CO2 sink will change in the future, and (3) a quantitative understanding of how and why Atlantic Ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 has changed as a result of climate change over the last 100 years.

我们的目的是了解从北大西洋大西洋大气中的温室气体和水槽的大小和可变程度。我们的目的是能够描述最近的变化以及在不同的气候场景下如何在将来发生变化。大多数努力将集中在二氧化碳上，我们将对北大西洋的碳循环的天然和人为成分进行全面的预算，并了解为什么二氧化碳的空气通量在区域，季节性和跨多年度上变化。还将对CH4和N2O的观察以及其区域通量的估计值进行。我们将与我们在欧洲和美国的合作伙伴机构合作，将对由自愿观察船只和固定地点网络制成的CO2空气通量进行表面测量。这些将与内部碳含量的水文切片的观察结果合成。因此，我们将获得人为碳的摄取，当前存储和净运输的准确估计，以及N. Atlantic的自然摄取和大气CO2释放的可变性。与这些观测值的直接估计以及这些通量的正向和逆模型（大气和海洋种类）的直接估计。主要的假设是（1），该地区二氧化碳的过去摄取和可变性可以通过检查大西洋的深碳库存来量化，（2）目前观察到的二氧化碳吸收可变性是由于生物学和生物学和由气候变化驱动的物理过程，这是由嵌入气候模型中的海洋碳模拟捕获的主要因素，以及（3）这些变化（过去，现在和未来）是由于气候系统内部和外部的可变性组合所致人为强迫 - 在比例中，我们将确定。目标是（1）用于对北大西洋进入和外出的GHG通量进行操作预测的模板，将作为ICOS的一部分实施，并与ECMWF（2）结合使用该水槽的理解，可用于改进该水槽关于将来海洋二氧化碳下水道将如何变化的预测，以及（3）对大西洋如何以及为什么大西洋吸收人为二氧化碳的吸收，由于过去100年的气候变化而发生了变化。

项目成果

Third Review for 2020 Global Carbon Budget

2020年全球碳预算第三次审查

• DOI: 10.5194/essd-2020-286-ec2
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Carlson D

A multi-decade record of high-quality fCO<sub>2</sub> data in version 3 of the Surface Ocean CO<sub>2</sub> Atlas (SOCAT)

几十年来高质量 fCO 的记录

• DOI: 10.5194/essd-2016-15
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Bakker D

Editor comment: Global carbon budget 2015

编辑评论：2015年全球碳预算

• DOI: 10.5194/essdd-8-859-2015
• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Carlson D

A Sensitivity Analysis of the Impact of Rain on Regional and Global Sea-Air Fluxes of CO2.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161105
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Ashton IG;Shutler JD;Land PE;Woolf DK;Quartly GD
• 通讯作者: Quartly GD

Composition of freshwater in the spring of 2014 on the southern Labrador shelf and slope FRESHWATER INPUT IN THE LABRADOR CURRENT

2014 年春季拉布拉多南部陆架和斜坡淡水组成 拉布拉多洋流中的淡水输入

• DOI: 10.1002/2016jc012244
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Oceans
• 作者: Benetti M