DO ARCTIC PLANT-SOIL COMMUNITIES ACCLIMATE TO LONG TERM ELEVATED CO2 EXPOSURE?

北极植物土壤群落能适应长期升高的二氧化碳暴露吗？

• 批准号: NE/H023690/1
• 负责人: Dylan Jones
• 金额: $ 37.05万
• 依托单位: Aberystwyth University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH023690%2F1
• 关键词: DO; ARCTIC; PLANT; SOIL; COMMUNITIES

Concentrations of greenhouse gases are rising as a result of continued industrial activity with consequences for our future climate. The biosphere has been suggested as a significant factor mitigating atmospheric change, through its capacity to respond to this change by sequestering additional carbon. Key to our understanding and evaluation of these processes is knowledge about the extent to which ecosystems acclimate to elevated CO2. Some research has indicated only short-term growth responses to elevated CO2, but these studies have often focussed on production responses ignoring more subtle shifts in whole ecosystem function. Even where acclimation has occurred, it is important to determine whether any new state of equilibrium results in altered ecosystem function, especially with regard to C loss or gain. Arctic ecosystems are of critical importance to global conservation and store up to one-third of global soil carbon reserves. Their stability under future atmospheric CO2 scenarios will have major influences on global biodiversity and warming. In this study we want to test whether arctic plant communities do not acclimate fully even with extended exposure to elevated CO2, that below-ground responses lag those above-ground and that exposure to elevated CO2 has a cumulative effect on ecosystem properties that influence ecosystem stability, resistance and resilience. As a result of anthropogenic gaseous emissions, the climate of Arctic regions is likely to alter, in particular with regard to temperature and precipitation. These changes, and other periodic perturbations will challenge the stability of current vegetation and soil microbial processes. Sub-arctic heath systems are also subject to periodic mass herbivory events, for example due to mass infestation by the moth Epirrita autumnata. We will therefore investigate field responses (leaf regrowth and soil respiration) to a simulated defoliation event. In a controlled environment facility, we will also investigate whether variations in soil temperature and moisture content will interact with the future capacity of Arctic soils to retain sequestered C under future elevated CO2. The information from this research programme is vital if we are to be able to make effective management decisions based on improved predictions from climate models. Specifically, the extent to which whole ecosystems acclimate to elevated CO2 is a key area of uncertainty in predicting and modelling future scenarios. Research findings will also significantly advance our understanding of the stability of Arctic ecosystems to perturbations under future climate change and important potential impacts on global biodiversity impacts.

由于持续的工业活动，温室气体的浓度正在增加，并对我们未来的气候产生了影响。通过隔离额外的碳来应对这种变化的能力，它被认为是减轻大气变化的重要因素。我们对这些过程的理解和评估的关键是了解生态系统适应升高的二氧化碳的知识。一些研究表明，仅对二氧化碳升高的短期增长反应，但是这些研究通常集中在生产反应上，忽略了整个生态系统功能的更微妙的转变。即使发生适应性的地方，重要的是确定任何新的平衡状态是否会导致生态系统功能改变，尤其是在C损失或增益方面。北极生态系统对于全球保护至关重要，并存储多达三分之一的全球土壤碳储量。它们在未来大气二氧化碳情景下的稳定性将对全球生物多样性和变暖产生重大影响。在这项研究中，我们要测试即使北极植物群落群落是否不完全适应二氧化碳的升高，地下反应落后于地上的二氧化碳，而暴露于二氧化碳升高的二氧化碳群体对影响生态系统稳定性，耐药性和弹性的生态系统特性具有累积的影响。由于人为气体排放，北极区域的气候可能会改变，特别是在温度和降水方面。这些变化以及其他周期性扰动将挑战当前植被和土壤微生物过程的稳定性。亚北极卫生系统还会受到周期性的大量草食性事件的约束，例如由于蛾epirrita秋季的大量侵扰。因此，我们将研究对模拟脱叶事件的现场反应（叶片再生和土壤呼吸）。在受控的环境设施中，我们还将研究土壤温度和水分含量的变化是否会与北极土壤在未来升高的CO2下保留C的未来能力相互作用。如果我们能够根据气候模型的改进预测做出有效的管理决策，那么该研究计划中的信息至关重要。具体而言，整个生态系统适应升高的二氧化碳是预测和建模未来情况的关键领域。研究发现还将大大提高我们对北极生态系统在未来气候变化下扰动的稳定性以及对全球生物多样性影响的重要影响。

项目成果

UV responses of Lolium perenne raised along a latitudinal gradient across Europe: a filtration study

欧洲黑麦草的紫外线响应沿纬度梯度升高：一项过滤研究

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01591.x
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Physiologia Plantarum
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Comont D

The functional quality of decomposing litter outputs from an Arctic plant community is affected by long-term exposure to enhanced UV-B

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.052
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Ecological Indicators
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Alan G. Jones;J. Bussell;A. Winters;J. Scullion;D. Gwynn‐Jones

Soils as carbon sinks or sources: from mid-Wales to the Arctic

土壤作为碳汇或碳源：从威尔士中部到北极

• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: IBERS Knowledge Based Innovations
• 作者: Jones AG

Enhanced UV-B and elevated CO(2) impacts sub-arctic shrub berry abundance, quality and seed germination.

UV-B 增强和 CO(2) 升高会影响亚北极灌木浆果的丰度、质量和种子发芽。

• DOI: 10.1007/s13280-012-0311-4
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Ambio
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Gwynn-Jones D

INTERACT Stories of Arctic Science

互动北极科学故事

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: McGowan S