CLAD: Carbon Landscapes And Drainage

CLAD：碳景观和排水

基本信息

批准号：
NE/G008833/1
负责人：
Susan Waldron
金额：
$ 23.05万
依托单位：
University of Glasgow
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG008833%2F1
关键词：
CLAD Carbon Landscapes Drainage

项目摘要

This project aims to improve understanding and management of parts of the U.K. which store significant amounts of carbon, peatlands. Peat contains about 45-60% of its weight as carbon. UK peatlands contain about as much carbon as is produced by fossil fuel burning in the UK for the next 35 years at current rates. Carbon is stored in peat in the remains of plants which do not fully decompose, but some is lost in a variety of ways including as carbon dioxide and methane gas. A significant proportion of carbon is also lost as dissolved organic carbon, which is flushed into streams and rivers giving peaty water its distinctive brown colour. Eroding peat can be lost to the rivers are particulate matter. Both dissolved and particulate carbon can be broken down in the water and released as carbon dioxide, meaning that these water bodies can be significant sources of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. It is known that human disturbance to peatlands e.g. clear felling of forestry, can significantly increase the rate at which carbon is lost to the rivers. Currently peatlands in the UK are managed for aesthetic, recreational, and commercial activities e.g. the isolated and windy environment found in many peatland areas offers a suitable location for windfarm developments. This type of development is probably the most important, large-scale, human disturbance to peatlands in recent history. Although in the longer terms, this loss is offset by the carbon dioxide saved in non-fossil fuel energy generation, in the short term digging the holes needed to place the turbines, building access roads and the clearance of forestry can all lead to increases in the amounts of carbon lost to drainage systems. Whether these losses to drainage systems are environmentally acceptable or not is not currently a consideration of those responsible for approving and overseeing the development. Given their importance as 'carbon landscapes', it is surprising that peatlands are not managed for one of their most important functions, carbon storage. We expect this, and the need to defined an ecologically acceptable carbon flow, to change in the coming years and legislation to be passed which will require this to be included in management plans and the environmental impact assessments required for developments on peatlands. One way in which it is easy to assess loss of carbon from peatlands is by monitoring export of dissolved and particulate carbon in the peatland drainage systems. Researchers know quite a lot about how carbon is lost from peatlands to rivers, and the PIs of this bid, know quite a lot about how windfarms impact on catchment drainage. But this information has not yet been synthesised for those with a responsibility for peatlands. We propose to change this through setting up on a knowledge exchange network, using as a learning vehicle, consideration of the impact of windfarm disturbance on carbon landscapes, particularly drainage systems. We will set up a network of stakeholders with interests in peatland management, research and development. This will allow the exchange of knowledge between academics on the cutting edge of research into carbon losses from peatlands and managers and developers concerned with the day-to-day activities pursued within them. We will run workshops to demonstrate and teach the latest techniques for monitoring carbon losses from peatlands via aquatic pathways. We will offer t for secondment, allowing responsive interaction with professionals concerned with carbon management in carbon landscapes and drainage systems. We will harness collective network knowledge to produce a set of guidelines concerning the management of peatlands on drainage systems. This project will be a significant step towards arming professional managers and researchers with the up-to-date understanding, techniques and tools needed to manage the peatland carbon cycle according to current best practise.

该项目旨在提高对英国部分含量大量碳泥炭地的理解和管理。泥炭含有其重量的45-60％作为碳。英国泥炭地含有与当前35年的化石燃料燃烧所产生的碳一样多的碳。碳存储在泥炭中，这些泥炭没有完全分解，但有些以多种方式丢失，包括二氧化碳和甲烷气体。作为溶解的有机碳，很大一部分碳也丢失了，该碳被冲入溪流和河流中，从而使泥炭水具有独特的棕色。河流可能会丢失泥炭是颗粒物。溶解和颗粒碳都可以在水中分解并释放为二氧化碳，这意味着这些水体可以是二氧化碳碳二氧化碳的重要来源。众所周知，人类对泥炭地的干扰，例如清晰的林业砍伐，可以大大提高河流损失的碳速度。目前，英国的泥炭地进行了审美，娱乐和商业活动的管理。在许多泥炭地地区发现的孤立和大风的环境为风能开发提供了合适的位置。这种发展可能是最近历史上最重要的，最大的人类对泥炭地的干扰。尽管从较长的角度来看，这种损失被保存在非化石燃料能源产生的二氧化碳所抵消，在短期内挖掘放置涡轮机所需的孔，建筑通道和林业清除都可以导致损失到排水系统的碳量增加。当前，这些对排水系统是否可以接受的损失是不可接受的，这不是负责批准和监督开发的人员的考虑。鉴于它们作为“碳景观”的重要性，令人惊讶的是，泥炭地没有用于其最重要的功能之一，即碳存储。我们期望这一点，并且需要定义生态上可接受的碳流，将在未来几年和立法中改变，这将要求这将其包括在管理计划中，以及peatlands开发所需的环境影响评估。一种容易评估泥炭地含碳损失的方法是监测泥炭地排水系统中溶解和颗粒碳的出口。研究人员对碳从泥炭地流到河流的损失以及该竞标的PI对碳的影响非常了解很多，这对风电场对流域排水的影响有很多了解。但是，对于那些负责泥炭地的人尚未合成这些信息。我们建议通过在知识交换网络上建立学习工具来改变这一点，考虑了风力干扰对碳景观的影响，尤其是排水系统。我们将建立一个在泥炭地管理，研发方面具有兴趣的利益相关者网络。这将允许在研究的最前沿学者之间交流知识，以涉及泥炭地和经理和开发人员与他们内部进行的日常活动相关的碳损失。我们将举办研讨会，以演示和教授最新的技术，以通过水生通道监测泥炭地的碳损失。我们将提供借调的t，使与碳景观和排水系统中有关碳管理的专业人员的响应互动。我们将利用集体网络知识来制定有关排水系统上泥炭地管理的一组准则。该项目将根据当前的最佳实践所需的最新理解，技术和工具迈向武装专业经理和研究人员的重要一步。