BIOBEHAVIORAL INFLUENCES ON PRESSOR RESPONSES IN BLACKS

生物行为对黑人压力反应的影响

• 批准号: 6042251
• 负责人: RODNEY CLARK
• 金额: $ 7.44万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-04-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6042251
• 关键词: African American; age difference; baroreceptors; behavioral /social science research tag; blood pressure; clinical research; coping; gender difference; heart rate; human subject; prejudice; psychobiology; psychological stressor; socioeconomics; vocalization

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in African Americans. In an attempt to delineate the factors which underlie the development of hypertension in African Americans, studies examining cardiovascular responses to psychological and behavioral stressors--a proposed risk factor for hypertension, within this group are warranted. In a sample of 300 African American males and females, the proposed study will investigate the effects of psychosocial factors on emotional, psychological, and physiological responses to two laboratory tasks. One laboratory task will be a standardized speech stressor that addresses inter- or intra-group racism experienced by the participant. During the other standardized speech task participants will speak about their thoughts/feelings about animal rights. Both laboratory tasks will be preceded by a baseline period and will be followed by a recovery period. Heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured before, during, and after each laboratory task using an automated blood pressure cuff. A contextual model is presented that is designed to provide a framework for exploring the relationship between perceived racism and cardiovascular reactivity to ethnically-relevant stimuli. The proposed research will test the following hypotheses that stem directly from this model: 1) participants in the high total-racism group will show greater cardiovascular reactivity and less recovery to both laboratory tasks than participants in the low total-racism group; 2) participants in the low skin tone tertile (darkest participants) will show greater cardiovascular reactivity and less recovery to both laboratory tasks than participants in the medium skin tone tertile; participants in the medium skin tone tertile will show greater cardiovascular reactivity and less recovery to both laboratory tasks than participants in the high skin tone tertile; 3) participants in the low problem-focused/high emotion-focused coping group will exhibit greater cardiovascular reactivity to both laboratory tasks than participants in the other three problem-focused/emotion-focused groupings; 4) darker skin tone will be related to greater perceptions of inter-group racism among male and female participants; 5) darker skin tone will be related to greater perceptions of intra-group racism among male and female participants; 6) participants' age and socioeconomic status will both be inversely related to total perceptions of inter- and intra-group racism. The primary analytic strategy will be a multivariate analysis of variance design for hypotheses 1-3 and a multiple regression design for hypotheses 4-6. This project will contribute to the knowledge base on the relationship between ethnically-relevant stress and cardiovascular adjustment in African Americans that may have long-term implications for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in this group.

高血压是非裔美国人发病和死亡率的主要原因之一。 为了描绘非裔美国人高血压发展的基础的因素，研究了对心理和行为压力源的心血管反应的研究，这是该组中提议的高血压危险因素。 在300名非裔美国男性和女性的样本中，拟议的研究将研究心理社会因素对两个实验室任务的情绪，心理和生理反应的影响。 一项实验室任务将是一种标准化的语音压力源，以解决参与者所经历的群体内或种族内种族主义。 在其他标准化的演讲任务期间，参与者将谈论他们对动物权利的想法/感觉。 这两个实验室任务都将在基准期之前，然后再进行恢复期。 在使用自动血压袖带之前，在每个实验室任务之前，之中和之后，将测量心率，收缩压和舒张压。 提出了一个上下文模型，该模型旨在为探索感知的种族主义与与种族相关的刺激的反应性之间的关系提供框架。 拟议的研究将检验直接源于该模型的以下假设：1）与低总成果组的参与者相比，高种族主义组的参与者将显示出更大的心血管反应性和对这两个实验室任务的恢复； 2）与中等肤色三分线的参与者相比，低肤色三重点的参与者（最黑暗的参与者）将显示出更大的心血管反应性，对这两个实验室任务的恢复较少；与高肤色三位一体的参与者相比，中等肤色的参与者将表现出更大的心血管反应性，对这两个实验室任务的恢复能力较小。 3）与其他三个以问题为中心/以问题为中心的分组相比，以问题为中心/以情绪为中心的应对小组的参与者对这两个实验室任务表现出更大的心血管反应性； 4）较深的肤色将与男性和女性参与者对群体间种族主义的更大看法有关； 5）较深的肤色将与男性和女性参与者对群体内种族主义的更大看法有关； 6）参与者的年龄和社会经济地位将与群体间种族主义的总体看法成反比。 主要的分析策略将是假设1-3的方差设计的多元分析和假设4-6的多元回归设计。 该项目将在非洲裔美国人的种族相关压力与心血管调整之间的关系上有助于知识基础，这可能对该组中的高血压和心血管疾病具有长期影响。