NEUROBEHAVIORAL STUDIES OF LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENT

语言障碍的神经行为研究

• 批准号: 6396003
• 负责人: BEVERLY WULFECK
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-01 至 2000-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6396003
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); attention; auditory stimulus; autism; behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; emotions; human subject; language development; language disorders; longitudinal human study; memory; middle childhood (6-11); neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; paralinguistic behavior; preschool child (1-5); psycholinguistics; psychomotor reaction time; space perception; stimulus /response; visual stimulus

Language impairment (LI) is not a unitary disorder and recent developmental results call into questions the language-specific nature of this disorder. These include deficits in attention, visuospatial processing and affect. Also, neurologic findings have revealed that some LI children have dysfunctional nervous systems as indicated by abnormal motor abilities as well as abnormalities of brain structure (MRI) and function (ERP). In the next funding period, Project 1 has several goals: To clarify the nature of language impairment through detailed studies of morphology, syntax, narratives, and affect and through real-time language processing studies of a range of levels (work, sentence, discourse context), structures (morphology, syntax, semantics), and modalities (comprehension and production). To identify nonlinguistic deficits associated with LI through studies that examine spatial memory for location, memory for configural information, nonlinguistic visual and auditory selective attention, shifts of attention, and executive functions. To contrast LI neurobehavioral profiles with profiles from high-function children with autism to enhance our ability to detect associations and dissociations between selective aspects of language and nonlinguistic cognition. To characterize the neurologic bases of LI through detailed neurologic examinations and studies of MRI and ERP in collaboration with Multicenter investigators and relate findings to language and cognitive profiles. Our studies will reveal a great deal about athe patterns of impairment and sparing of linguistic and cognitive functioning in children. Each study domain has its roots in psycholinguistics, cognitive neuroscience, and neuropsychology and will provide unique information about plasticity and specificity in brain organization for language and cognition. Finally, detailed developmental findings coupled with findings from the studies of brain structure and brain function can provide important insights into the causal factors related to language impairment serving to guide more precise diagnosis and treatment in the future.

语言障碍 (LI) 不是一种单一的障碍，而是近期发育的障碍 结果对这种疾病的语言特异性性质提出了质疑。 这些包括注意力、视觉空间处理和情感方面的缺陷。 此外，神经系统检查结果显示，一些 LI 儿童患有 运动能力异常表明神经系统功能失调 以及大脑结构（MRI）和功能（ERP）的异常。 在 下一个资助期，项目 1 有几个目标： 通过详细研究阐明语言障碍的本质 形态、句法、叙述和情感并通过实时语言 处理一系列级别的研究（作品、句子、话语 上下文）、结构（形态、句法、语义）和模态 （理解和产生）。 通过研究确定与 LI 相关的非语言缺陷 检查位置的空间记忆、配置信息的记忆， 非语言视觉和听觉选择性注意、注意力转移、 和执行职能。 将 LI 神经行为特征与高功能特征进行对比 自闭症儿童增强我们发现关联和 语言和非语言的选择性方面之间的分离 认识。 通过详细的神经学特征来描述 LI 的神经学基础 与 Multicenter 合作进行 MRI 和 ERP 检查和研究 调查人员并将发现与语言和认知概况联系起来。 我们的研究将揭示大量关于损伤模式和 儿童的语言和认知功能受到损害。 每项研究 该领域的根源在于心理语言学、认知神经科学和 神经心理学并将提供有关可塑性和 语言和认知的大脑组织的特异性。 最后， 详细的发育发现加上研究结果 大脑结构和大脑功能可以提供重要的见解 与语言障碍相关的因果因素有助于更精确地指导 未来的诊断和治疗。