TEMPERAMENT AND LIABILITY TO ALCOHOLISM

性格和酗酒的可能性

• 批准号: 2376069
• 负责人: TIMOTHY C BLACKSON
• 金额: $ 14.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2376069
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; HIV infections; adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; family structure /dynamics; gene environment interaction; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); peer group; personality; sex behavior

This will determine the impact of attitudes and contextual factors (e.g., peer affiliations) associated with alcohol abuse on risky and precocious sexual activity among children and adolescents. Families (200 fathers, 200 mothers, 200 first born offspring between 10-16 of age, 200 second born offspring at least 6 years of age, and 200 selected friends of first born offspring) having alcoholic fathers will be studied at two timepoints. The offspring will be 50% female and 50% male. It is hypothesized that conflictual interactions between parents and offspring lead to disengagement from the family sphere of influence to peer affiliation where excessive alcohol consumption and other problem behaviors are common, and age-incongruent behavior, particularly unprotected sexual behavior, is manifest. The pattern of behavior, combined with heavier alcohol consumption, places the youngster at high risk for an earlier age of onset of sexual behavior, multiple (different) sexual partners, lower rates of condom use, etc., increasing risk for HIV infection and other STD outcomes. In summary, the liability to early age alcohol use in children is known to be strongly influenced by (1) paternal history of alcohol dependence, and, (2) temperament disposition of both the parent and child. Research has yet to be conducted to determine how these two sets of risk factors operate conjointly to determine the quality of family interactions (parent-child, sibling-sibling) and peer affiliation patterns. Current research suggests that peer affiliation patterns are the main proximal determinant of alcohol use and risky sexual behavior among youths. By disaggregating the interrelationship among individual, family and peer processes, adolescents having the highest likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behavior can be targeted with innovative primary prevention strategies that reduce risk for AIDS (and other STDs) and concurrent alcohol abuse.

这将决定态度和背景因素的影响（例如， 同伴关系）与酗酒有关的风险和早熟 儿童和青少年的性活动。 家庭（200位父亲， 200名母亲，200名10-16岁之间的第一个孩子，200个第二个孩子 出生的后代至少6岁，以及200名选定的第一任朋友 出生的后代）有酗酒的父亲将在两岁时进行研究 时间点。 后代将有50%是女性，50%是男性。 这是 假设父母与子女之间的冲突互动 导致脱离家庭对同龄人的影响 过度饮酒和其他问题的隶属关系 行为很常见，而且与年龄不相符的行为，尤其是 无保护的性行为，是显而易见的。 行为模式， 加上大量饮酒，使年轻人处于高水平 性行为开始年龄较早的风险，多种（不同） 性伴侣、安全套使用率较低等，增加感染艾滋病毒的风险 感染和其他性病结果。 总而言之，早年的责任 众所周知，儿童饮酒受到以下因素的强烈影响：(1) 酒精依赖史，以及 (2) 双方的气质 父母和孩子。 尚未进行研究以确定如何 这两组风险因素共同作用来决定质量 家庭互动（亲子、兄弟姐妹）和同伴 隶属关系模式。 目前的研究表明，同伴关系 模式是饮酒和危险性行为的主要近端决定因素 青少年之间的行为。 通过分解它们之间的相互关系 个人、家庭和同伴过程中，青少年拥有最高的 可以针对从事危险性行为的可能性 创新的初级预防策略可降低艾滋病风险（以及 其他性病）和同时酗酒。