Preventing violence against women in high-prevalence settings: A multidisciplinary approach from psychology, political science and global health

在高发地区预防暴力侵害妇女行为：心理学、政治学和全球健康的多学科方法

• 批准号: MR/S033629/1
• 负责人: Jenevieve Mannell
• 金额: $ 197.43万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FS033629%2F1
• 关键词: Preventing; violence; against; women; prevalence

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO, 2013), violence against women (VAW) is a pandemic in many parts of the world with severe implications for women's physical and mental health. In the world's highest prevalence settings, eight out of ten women will experience physical or sexual violence from an intimate partner or stranger in their lifetime (WHO 2005, 2013). This is an enormous health and human rights issue, and yet we know very little about how it should be addressed. The proposed research programme draws on my specialisation in preventing violence against women for the highest prevalence settings, developed through over 30 peer-reviewed publications and increasingly large grants for projects in Afghanistan, Iraq, Rwanda, and the Amazon. High prevalence settings (where over 50% of women experience violence) present unique challenges for violence prevention: violence is widely accepted as normal by both men and women (Tran et al. 2016), those seeking help frequently experience stigma, discrimination, and further violence from family, community members, police and health professionals (Odero et al. 2014), and evidence of health system responses to VAW are largely non-existent (Garcia-Moreno et al., 2015). This research programme works in partnership with indigenous communities in Samoa and Peru to build an evidence base for how to prevent violence in high prevalence settings. Through well-established partnerships with local organisations, I will work with community members, leaders and local representatives in both settings to adapt innovative tools for measuring violence against women and establish ethical guidelines for how to research violence appropriately and sensitively. I will then create a theory of change for how to engage high-prevalence communities in reducing violence against women. These initial stages of the research culminate in the co-creation of an intervention to prevent violence against women in partnership with local communities that draws on the theory of change and ethical guidelines, followed by testing the effectiveness of the intervention using the highest standards of evaluation methodologies so that the intervention can potentially be rolled out in other high-prevalence communities around the world. This is a truly multidisciplinary project that requires an integration of skills and methods from across psychology, political science and global health epidemiology to be effective. To achieve this, I will draw on my unique background in the sociology of gender (PhD), community psychology (MSc, post-doc), and humanities (BA), and complement this with mentoring from the world's leading experts in process tracing methods from political science (Prof Jeremy Shiffman, JHU), VAW prevention interventions (Prof David Osrin, UCL), and the evaluation of community interventions in global health (Dr Andrew Copas, UCL) alongside training in epidemiology, statistics, and research leadership. Each stage of the research will include a knowledge-exchange activity between Peru and Samoa to build local research capacity and establish connections with scholars working on violence prevention in high-prevalence settings across Asia, South America and in the UK. Knowledge-exchange activities, an international advisory committee and public enagement will provide a means of linking local actors with global organisations I have worked with in the past including the Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI), the South African MRC's Gender and Health Research Unit, UN Women, and the World Bank. In the short-term, the research has the potential to improve women's lives in Samoa and Peru by reducing the violence they experience. For the longer-term future, the development of new tools, theoretical frameworks and an intervention to prevent violence against women in high-prevalence settings has the potential to improve women's lives in similar settings all over the world.

根据世界卫生组织（WHO，2013年）的说法，对妇女的暴力行为（VAW）在世界许多地方都是大流行，对妇女的身心健康有严重影响。在世界上最高的患病率环境中，十分之八的妇女将在一生中遭受亲密伴侣或陌生人的身体或性暴力（WHO 2005，2013）。这是一个巨大的健康和人权问题，但我们对应该如何解决的了解一无所知。拟议的研究计划借鉴了我的专业化，以防止针对妇女的暴力行为，以期为最高的患病率，这是通过30多个经过同行评审的出版物开发的，以及在阿富汗，伊拉克，卢旺达和亚马逊的项目中越来越多的赠款。高流行率（超过50％的妇女经历暴力）对预防暴力提出了独特的挑战：男性和女人都普遍接受暴力（Tran等人，2016年），那些寻求帮助的人经常会经常体验污名，歧视和进一步的污名家庭，社区成员，警察和卫生专业人员的暴力行为（Odero等人，2014年），以及对VAW的卫生系统反应的证据在很大程度上不存在（Garcia-Moreno等，2015）。该研究计划与萨摩亚和秘鲁的土著社区合作，为如何预防高流行环境中的暴力行为建立证据基础。通过与当地组织建立良好的合作伙伴关系，我将在两种环境中与社区成员，领导者和地方代表合作，以适应创新工具，以衡量对妇女的暴力行为，并为如何适当和敏感地研究暴力。然后，我将创建一种变革理论，说明如何使高额社区参与减少对妇女的暴力行为。研究的这些初始阶段最终达到了一项干预措施的共同创建，以防止对妇女的暴力行为，以与当地社区合作，借鉴了变革理论和道德准则，然后使用评估的最高标准来测试干预的有效性方法论，因此可以在世界其他高额群体中推出干预措施。这是一个真正的多学科项目，需要跨心理学，政治学和全球健康流行病学的技能和方法融合有效。为了实现这一目标，我将借鉴性别社会学（博士），社区心理学（MSC，DOC）和人文学科（BA）的独特背景，并通过全球领先的过程追踪方法的指导来补充这一点从政治学（JHU教授），VAW预防干预措施（David Osrin，UCL教授）以及全球健康社区干预措施（Andrew Copas，UCL，UCL博士）以及流行病学，统计学，统计和研究领导培训的评估。研究的每个阶段都将包括秘鲁和萨摩亚人之间的知识交换活动，以建立当地的研究能力，并与在亚洲，南美和英国的高额挑战环境中进行预防暴力的学者建立联系。知识交往活动，国际咨询委员会和公众振兴将提供一种将当地参与者与我过去合作过的全球组织联系起来的方法，包括性暴力研究计划（SVRI），南非MRC的性别和健康研究部门，联合国妇女和世界银行。在短期内，这项研究有可能通过减少她们所经历的暴力来改善萨摩亚和秘鲁的妇女生活。在长期的未来中，开发新工具，理论框架和防止在高额挑战环境中针对妇女的暴力行为的干预措施有可能在世界各地的类似环境中改善妇女的生活。

项目成果

Mental health of women and children experiencing family violence in conflict settings: a mixed methods systematic review.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13031-021-00410-4
• 发表时间: 2021-10-15
• 期刊: Conflict and health
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Devakumar D;Palfreyman A;Uthayakumar-Cumarasamy A;Ullah N;Ranasinghe C;Minckas N;Nadkarni A;Oram S;Osrin D;Mannell J
• 通讯作者: Mannell J

High-Risk Contexts for Violence Against Women: Using Latent Class Analysis to Understand Structural and Contextual Drivers of Intimate Partner Violence at the National Level.

• DOI: 10.1177/08862605221086642
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Brown, Laura J.;Lowe, Hattie;Gibbs, Andrew;Smith, Colette;Mannell, Jenevieve
• 通讯作者: Mannell, Jenevieve

High-risk contexts for violence against women: Using latent class analysis to understand structural and contextual drivers of intimate partner violence at the national level. Journal of Interpersonal Violence

暴力侵害妇女行为的高风险环境：利用潜在阶级分析来了解国家层面亲密伴侣暴力的结构和背景驱动因素。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Interpersonal Violence
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Brown L

Does experiencing a traumatic life event increase the risk of intimate partner violence for young women? A cross-sectional analysis and structural equation model of data from the Stepping Stones and Creating Futures intervention in South Africa.

• DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051969
• 发表时间: 2022-04-29
• 期刊: BMJ OPEN
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Mannell, Jenevieve;Minckas, Nicole;Burgess, Rochelle;Chirwa, Esnat D.;Jewkes, Rachel;Gibbs, Andrew
• 通讯作者: Gibbs, Andrew

Risk factors for violence against women in high-prevalence settings: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-synthesis.

• DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007704
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: BMJ global health
• 影响因子: 8.1
• 作者: Mannell J;Lowe H;Brown L;Mukerji R;Devakumar D;Gram L;Jansen HAFM;Minckas N;Osrin D;Prost A;Shannon G;Vyas S
• 通讯作者: Vyas S