HANTAVIRUS INFECTIONS--ECOLOGY, IMMUNITY AND TREATMENT

汉坦病毒感染——生态学、免疫和治疗

• 批准号: 2887200
• 负责人: FREDERICK T KOSTER
• 金额: $ 39.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-15 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2887200
• 关键词: Hantavirus; virus diseases

The ultimate aim of this program is to decrease the high mortality of rodent-borne viral zoonoses (HPS and Bolivian hemorrhagic fever) in the Americas. Our interdisciplinary team will combine the capability of predicting environmental events that favor outbreaks of zoonotic disease, with the capability of early diagnosis and targeted therapy based on a sound knowledge of immumnopathogenesis and antiviral therapy. The first Project will develop a capability to predict bursts of SNV infection in rodent populations, using longitudinal studies of rodent abundance, density and infection rate, coupled with experimentally- constructed plots in which rodent density is artificially manipulated. It will test the hypothesis that certain habitats provide a nidus of persistent rodent infection, from which adjacent habitats are infected by spillover when climatic conditions favor increase rodent density and infection. GIS-based data (Core A) will translate small-scale measures of rodent density and SNV prevalence into large-scale markers to predict increased risk of human infection. Project will extend these ecologic studies to Machupo virus infection of rodents in Bolivia, and will test the hypothesis that Bolivian hemorrhagic fever outbreaks are restricted to a fraction of the entire range of Calomys callosus host, because, like hantaviruses, selected habitats favor persistent rodent infection that spills over into human hosts after environmental and human disturbances. The third project examines the epitope specificity and cytokine secretion patterns of T cell clones and T cells from acute HPS patients and will test the hypothesis that the massive capillary leak is due to excessive T cell stimulation. It will yield alternative therapies to abort the cytokine storm and reduce mortality.

该计划的最终目的是降低高死亡率 啮齿动物的病毒人畜共患病（HPS和玻利维亚出血热） 美洲。 我们的跨学科团队将结合 预测有利于人畜共患病暴发的环境事件， 具有早期诊断的能力和基于A的靶向治疗 隐性知识对隐式病和抗病毒疗法的知识。 第一个项目将开发出预测SNV爆发的能力 使用啮齿动物的纵向研究，啮齿动物种群的感染 丰度，密度和感染率与实验 构造的图，其中啮齿动物密度是人为操纵的。 它 将检验某些栖息地提供的假设 持续的啮齿动物感染，相邻栖息地被感染 当气候条件有利于增加啮齿动物密度和 感染。 基于GIS的数据（核心A）将翻译小规模的度量 啮齿动物密度和SNV流行率，以预测 增加人类感染的风险。 项目将扩展这些生态 研究玻利维亚啮齿动物的大男子病毒感染，将测试 假设玻利维亚出血热暴发仅限于 整个calomys callosus主机的一部分，因为 汉坦病毒，选定的栖息地有利于持续的啮齿动物感染 在环境和人类骚扰之后，溢出到人类宿主中。 第三个项目检查了表位特异性和细胞因子分泌 急性HPS患者的T细胞克隆和T细胞的模式，将测试 大规模毛细管泄漏是由于T细胞过多引起的假设 刺激。 它将产生替代疗法以中止细胞因子 暴风雨并降低死亡率。