CEREBELLAR DYSFUNCTION AND REACH TO GRASP MOVEMENTS

小脑功能障碍和抓握动作

• 批准号: 2892315
• 负责人: JAMES R BLOEDEL
• 金额: $ 11.36万
• 依托单位: ST. JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL AND MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-07 至 2002-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2892315
• 关键词: cerebellar disorders; clinical research; hand; human subject; limb movement; motion perception; psychomotor function; visual perception; wrist

These experiments are designed to compare several features of reach-to- grasp movements in normal subjects and cerebellar patients in order to obtain insights into the role of the cerebellum in regulating this well- organized, highly integrated behavior. The general hypotheses to be tested are that the cerebellum contributes significantly to the consistent, stereotypic relationship between wrist transport and grip aperture, that this structure is necessary to maintain this consistent pattern once it is established, that it is required for optimizing the acquisition and performance of pre-planned reach-to-grasp movements directed toward moving targets, and that it is essential for acquiring adaptive strategies necessary for making on-line corrections for perturbations of these movements once initiated. The experiments are based on a series of preliminary studies in human subjects as well as insights obtained from related experiments from the PI's laboratory that employed animal models of cerebellar dysfunction. Five specific projects will be undertaken. The first will characterize the organizational features of the reach-to-grasp movement that are modified as a consequence of cerebellar pathology. The second project will explore the relationship between cerebellar dysfunction and the integration of visual cues during two phases of the reach, the early transport phase before the grip is formulated and the later grip phase occurring as the target is approached. The third study will evaluate the capacity of cerebellar patients to respond to two different types of predictable changes in target position, one a step change in position and the second a change in position that is continuously proportional to the subjects' wrist velocity during the reach. The fourth experiment will assess the capacity of cerebellar patients to improve their performance when these same types of changes in target position are presented in successive trials. In the fifth project, the capacity of cerebellar patients to acquire adaptive strategies to elastic load perturbations applied during the transport and grip phases of the reach- to-grasp movement will be explored. In addition to testing specific hypotheses underlying the design of these experiments, the data will lend insights into general concepts regarding the cerebellum's role in regulating the acquisition and performance of goal-directed limb movements and also will contribute to the understanding of the motor abnormalities observed in cerebellar patients.

这些实验旨在比较到达到达的几个特征 在正常受试者和小脑患者中掌握运动 了解小脑在调节这一井中的作用的见解 有组织的，高度综合的行为。一般假设是 测试的小脑对 腕运输与握把之间一致的刻板印象 孔径，这种结构是维持这种一致的必要条件 建立模式后，需要优化它 预先计划的触及式运动的收购和性能 针对移动目标，这对于获取至关重要 进行在线校正所必需的自适应策略 这些动作的扰动一旦开始。实验是 基于一系列人类受试者的初步研究 从PI实验室获得的相关实验获得的见解， 小脑功能障碍的动物模型。 将进行五个特定的项目。第一个将描述 触手可及运动的组织特征是 因小脑病理而修饰。第二个项目 将探索小脑功能障碍与 在覆盖范围的两个阶段，早期的视觉提示集成 配制握把之前的运输阶段，后来的握把阶段 随着目标而发生。第三项研究将评估 小脑患者的能力对两种不同类型的反应 目标位置的可预测变化，一步的位置变化 第二个位置变化是不断成比例的 在触及期间，受试者的手腕速度。第四实验 将评估小脑患者改善其能力 当目标位置上这些相同类型的变化是 在连续的试验中提出。在第五个项目中，能力 小脑患者获得弹性负荷的自适应策略 在覆盖范围的运输和抓地力阶段应用的扰动 将探索待办事项运动。除了测试特定 这些实验设计的基础的假设，数据将 对小脑在 调节目标定向肢体的获取和性能 运动，也将有助于理解电动机 小脑患者观察到异常。