URBAN RETROFIT UK: Scaling up place-based adaptations to the built environment through planning and development systems

英国城市改造：通过规划和开发系统扩大对建筑环境的基于地点的适应

• 批准号: ES/Z502728/1
• 负责人: James White
• 金额: $ 191.45万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FZ502728%2F1
• 关键词: URBAN; RETROFIT; UK; Scaling; up

It is widely recognised that low density development is unsustainable and generates significant Green House Gases (GHGs). Nevertheless, most UK development is built on greenfield land where public transportation is poor and services are scarce. If the UK is serious about 'net zero', then new ways of planning and developing are urgently required.'Urban retrofit' is defined as repairing existing places by adapting urban form to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, protect the environment and support sustainable lifestyles. Changes to the layout of neighbourhoods are starting to be delivered, including via infrastructure programmes such as separated bike lanes, planning policies that encourage high-densities, and community-based projects like urban greening.The problem is that implementation is slow, fragmented and increasingly controversial. Investment often flows to affluent places rather than communities in the greatest need of support, and the principal actors in the UK's planning and development systems face various delivery challenges. Planning authorities struggle with institutional inertia and time-limited funding meaning retrofitting is poorly coordinated. Property developers stick to tried and tested business models to reduce risk resulting in a preference for low density, mono-use greenfield development rather than mixed-use projects on brownfield land. Communities face capacity challenges and place adaptation is often contested. If the UK is to meet its net zero targets and achieve a just transition, then urban retrofitting must be prioritised, equitably directed and implemented more effectively.URBAN RETROFIT UK will be led by the UK Collaborative Centre for Housing Evidence and coproduced with international, national and local planning, property and community partners, including in five UK core cities - Belfast, Bristol, Cardiff, Glasgow and Sheffield. Its aim is to examine the barriers to urban retrofitting, challenge the prevailing growth-logic of planning and development, and coproduce a conceptual framework plotting the critical points of intervention needed to scale up retrofitting through planning and development systems. The objectives are to:Conduct a global evidence review on urban retrofit informed by international partners and a study tour.Identify and investigate a series of urban retrofit cases in collaboration with local authority partners to understand what is working and pinpoint where implementation gaps could be closed.Work with partners to understand where the spatial inequalities of current urban retrofit practice lie and how the barriers to 'scaling up' effective and equitable practices could be addressed.Establish an international URBAN RETROFIT HUBS network between UK and Global North cities facing comparable place-adaptation challenges and initiate new two-way learning partnerships with Global South cities where the context for urban retrofit is different but opportunities exist to explore lesson-sharing.To maximise knowledge exchange across sectoral boundaries and between places, URBAN RETROFIT UK's findings will be shared throughout the project at jointly delivered events with UK partners and internationally via the URBAN RETROFIT HUBS network. New theoretical perspectives on the UK's planning and development systems and coproduced empirical evidence on urban retrofit will be shared through an international symposium and evidence review, a report, film and magazine articles, and academic outputs including articles and an edited book.

人们普遍认为，低密度发展是不可持续的，并且产生了重要的温室气体（GHG）。然而，大多数英国开发项目都是建立在公共交通不善且服务稀缺的格林菲尔德土地上的。如果英国认真对待“净零”，那么迫切需要进行新的计划和发展方式。“ Urban Raturofit”被定义为通过调整城市形式来减少能源消耗和碳排放，保护环境并支持可持续生活方式来修复现有位置。对社区布局的变化开始开始交付，包括通过基础设施计划，例如分开的自行车道，鼓励高度的计划政策以及基于社区的项目，例如Urban Greening。问题在于，实施缓慢，分散且越来越有争议。投资通常会流到富裕的地方，而不是最大程度地支持社区，而英国计划和开发系统的主要参与者面临着各种交付挑战。规划机构与机构惯性和时间限制的资金斗争，这意味着协调不足。物业开发人员坚持尝试和测试的业务模型，以降低风险，从而偏爱低密度，单一使用的绿地开发，而不是棕地土地上的混合用途项目。社区面临着能力挑战，并且经常会有适应性的挑战。如果英国要达到其零净目标并实现公正的过渡，则必须优先考虑城市改造，更有效地指导和实施。英国将由英国的住房证据中心领导，并与国际，国家和地方计划，财产和社区合作，包括五个乌克斯特城市，包括贝尔福斯特，贝尔福斯特，bristol，cardiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff，Glasiff。其目的是检查城市改造的障碍，挑战计划和开发的主要成长逻辑，并编写一个概念框架，该概念框架绘制了通过规划和开发系统扩展改造所需的干预措施的关键点。 The objectives are to:Conduct a global evidence review on urban retrofit informed by international partners and a study tour.Identify and investigate a series of urban retrofit cases in collaboration with local authority partners to understand what is working and pinpoint where implementation gaps could be closed.Work with partners to understand where the spatial inequalities of current urban retrofit practice lie and how the barriers to 'scaling up' effective and equitable practices could be addressed.Establish an international URBAN RETROFIT HUBS network between UK and Global North cities facing comparable place-adaptation challenges and initiate new two-way learning partnerships with Global South cities where the context for urban retrofit is different but opportunities exist to explore lesson-sharing.To maximise knowledge exchange across sectoral boundaries and between places, URBAN RETROFIT UK's findings will be shared throughout the project at jointly delivered events with UK partners and internationally via the URBAN改造集线器网络。关于英国规划和开发系统以及关于城市改造的经验证据的新理论观点将通过国际研讨会和证据审查，报告，电影和杂志文章以及包括文章和编辑的书在内的学术成果分享。