Interdisciplinary Study on Medical Research: Rescuing Intellectual Property Rights in Pandemic Emergencies from "Tragedy of the Anticommon"

医学研究跨学科研究：从“反共同悲剧”中拯救疫情突发事件中的知识产权

基本信息

批准号：
ES/W01193X/1
负责人：
Roy Partain
金额：
$ 42.98万
依托单位：
University of Aberdeen
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2022 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FW01193X%2F1
关键词：
Interdisciplinary Study Medical Research Rescuing

项目摘要

Cursory: A set of COVID-related research grants worth £620,000 (USD $850,000) have just been awarded to the University of Aberdeen's School of Law and its research partners of Kobe University's Graduate School of Law and the British Institute for International and Comparative Law (BIICL). The funds from the Japanese Society for the Progression of Science (JSPS) and the UK Research Institute (UKRI) will award the University of Aberdeen and the British Institute for International and Comparative Law with £424,857.38 and Kobe University with JPY 29,980,000, accordingly. The grants run for three years, from December 2021 till December 2024. The funds are in support of the JSPS and UKRI recent call for 'Addressing COVID-19 Challenges with Japanese Researchers'. The research project proposes to examine how aspects of private law, commercial law, and intellectual property law might be reformed to better enable a rapid policy response in the face of an emerging pandemic. In particular, expertise from legal game theory, such as anticommons structures, will be used as an innovative legal research methodology. The research team includes legal scholars from the University of Aberdeen, BIICL, Kobe University, Hokkaido University, Nihon University, and Tokai University, making this one of the broadest UK-Japan legal research projects in recent history. In Depth: To solve new medical problems, such as viral outbreaks, many patents, copyrights, and other trade secrets need to be accessible to a variety of research labs in many countries. However, coordination problems in the markets surrounding medical and pharmaceutical intellectual property (IP) rights could prevent the rapid development of treatments, cures, and vaccines during the tightly packed timeframes of a moving pandemic. This situation can be described as an IP crisis. In addition, state regulations and policies to ensure safe research procedures and products often take years to complete. On the other hand, governmental interventions to IP rights may dis-incentivise private firms from investing in the necessary research in the future for the next potential pandemic. Thus, our research seeks to find solutions to the IP crisis that enable the continued functional trust of the market and of property rights during pandemics. This research will examine legal issues in various legal areas in such periods of crisis and will propose solutions, using recent innovations in anti-commons theory as theoretical foundations. Anti- commons is a phenomenon when a cluster of separate parties hold exclusionary rights over a joint or shared asset, then that asset might become unusable, resulting in a loss of value or production to the group as a whole. The phenomenon was initially identified in property law, but it can be found arising from many areas of substantive, procedural, and administrative law. This is potentially a central problem in medical research given the large numbers of researchers and research institutes involved. We will investigate intellectual property law, to identify how the rights to control the use of patents, trademarks, and copyrights might cause anti-common problems that can prevent the rapid development of medical and pharmaceutical solutions. In addition to this academic significance, this research will hope to find alternative modalities and designs of intellectual property law that might be more responsive to emergency events and prevent the emergence of anti-common problems. This project combines a wide set of legal expertise to address the problem. The research team unites global experts in Intellectual Property Law, Competition Law, Comparative Private and Commercial Law, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Public International Law, Public Law and Administrative Law, International Economic Law, Sociology of Law, Disaster Law, and Mathematical Methods of Law and Economics.

粗略：一组价值62万英镑（850,000美元）的共同相关研究补助金刚刚授予阿伯丁大学法学院及其科比大学研究生研究生学院和英国国际与比较法（Biicl）的研究合作伙伴（Biicl）。日本科学进步学会（JSP）和英国研究所（UKRI）的资金将授予424,857.38英镑的英国国际与比较法研究所，并以29,980,000英镑的价格授予424,857.38英镑。从2021年12月到2024年12月，这笔赠款运行了三年。资金支持JSP和UKRI最近呼吁“解决日本研究人员对Covid-19的挑战解决”。研究项目的建议旨在研究如何改革私法，商法和知识产权法的各个方面，以更好地在面对新兴大流行时做出快速的政策响应。特别是，法律游戏理论的专业知识（例如反参数结构）将被用作一种创新的法律研究方法。研究小组包括来自阿伯丁大学，生物体，科比大学，北海道大学，日洪大学和托凯大学的法律学者，使这是最近历史上最广泛的英国 - 日本法律研究项目之一。深入：要解决新的医疗问题，例如病毒爆发，许多专利，版权和其他商业秘密，许多国家的研究实验室都需要解决。但是，在医疗和制药知识产权（IP）权利周围的市场中的协调问题可能会阻止在移动大流行的紧张时间范围内快速发展治疗，治愈和疫苗。这种情况可以描述为IP危机。此外，确保安全的研究程序和产品的州法规和政策通常需要数年才能完成。另一方面，政府对IP权利的干预可能会使私营公司未来投资于必要的研究，以了解下一次潜在的大流行。这就是我们的研究试图找到有关IP危机的解决方案，以使市场的持续功能信任和大流行期间的财产权。这项研究将在此类危机时期审查各个法律领域的法律问题，并将以反官方理论的最新创新作为理论基础提出解决方案。当一群单独的政党拥有对共享或共享资产的排他性权利时，反诉讼是一种现象，那么该资产可能会变得无法使用，从而导致整个集团的价值或生产损失。该现象最初是在财产法中确定的，但可以发现它是由许多实质性，程序和行政法领域引起的。鉴于涉及大量研究人员和研究机构，这在医学研究中可能是一个核心问题。我们将调查知识产权法，以确定如何控制专利，商标和版权的权利可能会导致反常见问题，从而阻止医疗和药品解决方案的快速发展。除了这一学术意义外，这项研究还希望找到知识产权法的替代方式和设计，这些法律可能对出现事件的反应更敏感并防止反常见问题的出现。该项目结合了广泛的法律专业知识来解决该问题。研究团队将知识产权法，竞争法，私人和商业法，替代争议，公共法律，公法和行政法，国际经济法，法律社会学，灾难法和法律和经济学数学方法的全球专家。