FAPESP-ESRC-NWO Joint Call Sustainable Urban Development Resilience and vulnerability at the urban Nexus of food, water, energy and the environment

FAPESP-ESRC-NWO 联合呼吁可持续城市发展 城市的复原力和脆弱性 食物、水、能源和环境的关系

• 批准号: ES/N011414/1
• 负责人: Fiona Marshall
• 金额: $ 24.48万
• 依托单位: University of Sussex
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FN011414%2F1
• 关键词: FAPESP; ESRC; NWO; Joint; Call

Cities are complex networked spaces. Due to rural-urban migration and climate change, augmented by other pressures (e.g. from 'global' markets), provisioning of many basic services and commodities such as food, water and energy requires constant adaptation and reform. With increased demand on these services, there are urgent needs to improve access in an equitable way, increase efficiency of use, and to preserve the ecosystems that support the natural resources upon which these services depend. However, mainstream interventions aimed at creating 'resilient' urban food, water and energy systems' are associated with a number of critical challenges. These are the focus of our research.First, access to key services is unevenly distributed among city dwellers. With vulnerability (understood as 'the inability of an individual or group to cope with adversities), being experienced by the urban poor more acutely than other social classes Both poverty and vulnerability may be exacerbated by the unequal provisioning of key services.Second, the material flows and infrastructures involved in provisioning basic services are deeply interdependent. This interdependence has recently gained considerable international policy attention under the rubric of the 'Nexus' of food, water, energy and the environment/climate. Associated with the Nexus are, a) trade-offs such as those encountered in water use for provisioning bio-energy instead of food; b) aggravations when one sector's problems (such as water pollution) impair others (e.g. food provision); and c) synergies that arise, for example, when removing a barrier to energy access streamlines flows of food and/or water. Our research examines how these three sets of challenges interact. For example how vulnerability to water contamination may be exacerbated by vulnerability to hunger and lack of access to energy. We will explore how any new vulnerabilities engendered by a social, technological or ecological 'events' interact with existing forms of insecurity and injustice. For instance, squatters cultivating a peri-urban riverbed for their own food provision may be most directly affected by cyclical flooding. Specifically the project aims to:1.Examine how vulnerabilities within urban communities are co-constituted with the trade-offs (the use of a resource for one service reducing availability for another e.g water use for bioenergy affecting food production) and aggravations (the problems in one sector affecting another - e.g water pollution affecting food) at the food, water and environment nexus, in three highly-dynamic cities in East Africa, Brazil and Europe.2. Utilise dynamic maps of vulnerabilities amongst urban populations to inform resilience-building efforts led by public policy and other practitioners. In particular to examine opportunities for urban governance to exploit the synergies (e.g when removing barriers to energy access improves flows of food and water) of the urban Nexus, and reconfigure the trade-offs towards both resilience and equity. Focussing on access to infrastructures and resource flows by the urban poor in three mid-sized cities in East Africa, Brazil and Eastern Europe, the project engages with the two policy areas of 'poverty, inequality and vulnerability' and 'infrastructure and the built environment'. Through participatory vision-building workshops and inter-city exchanges of policymakers and NGO representatives, the project attempts to involve these expected beneficiaries directly in the research process. Placing central importance on users' practices and their (re)connection with policy-led interventions. Our 'ecology of practice' approach will ultimately contribute new insights into the deepening of democracy in urban governance. To facilitate broad-based communication, the project's key research outputs (frames, methodologies, findings) will be converted into policy briefs, blog posts, anonymized digital archives and teaching materials for schools.

城市是复杂的网络空间。由于农村地区的移民和气候变化，其他压力（例如“全球”市场）的增加，供应许多基本服务和商品（例如粮食，水和能源）需要持续的适应和改革。随着对这些服务的需求增加，迫切需要以公平的方式改善访问权限，提高使用效率，并保留支持这些服务所依赖自然资源的生态系统。但是，旨在创建“弹性”城市食品，水和能源系统的主流干预措施与许多关键挑战有关。这些是我们研究的重点。首先，获得关键服务的访问在城市居民之间分布不均。由于脆弱性（被理解为“个人或团体无法应付逆境），城市贫困人口比其他社会阶层更敏锐地经历贫困和脆弱性，这可能会因关键服务的不平等提供而加剧。第二，涉及的物质流和基础设施涉及基础服务的材料流和基础结构是深层的互依赖的。在食品，水，能源和环境/气候的“联系”的标题下，这种相互依存最近引起了国际政策的广泛关注。与Nexus相关的是，a）折衷的，例如用于提供生物能源而不是食物的用水遇到的权衡； b）当一个部门的问题（例如水污染）损害其他人（例如食品提供）时，加剧了； c）例如，在消除能源获取流的障碍时会产生的协同作用。我们的研究研究了这三组挑战如何相互作用。例如，因饥饿和无法获得能源的脆弱性如何加剧水污染的脆弱性。我们将探讨社会，技术或生态“事件”带来的任何新漏洞如何与现有形式的不安全感和不公正形式相互作用。例如，为自己的食物提供的棚户区的棚户区培养了一个城市河床，可能最直接地受到周期性洪水的影响。 Specifically the project aims to:1.Examine how vulnerabilities within urban communities are co-constituted with the trade-offs (the use of a resource for one service reducing availability for another e.g water use for bioenergy affecting food production) and aggravations (the problems in one sector affecting another - e.g water pollution affecting food) at the food, water and environment nexus, in three highly-dynamic cities in East Africa, Brazil和欧洲2。利用城市人口中的动态图来告知公共政策和其他从业人员领导的弹性建设工作。特别是要检查城市治理的机会，以利用城市联系的协同作用（例如，在消除能源获取的障碍会改善食品和水的流量），并将权衡方向赋予弹性和公平能力。该项目专注于在东非，巴西和东欧的三个中型城市中贫困的基础设施和资源流量，该项目与“贫困，不平等和脆弱性”以及“基础设施和建筑环境”的两个政策领域融为一体。通过参与性的构建研讨会和政策制定者和非政府组织代表的城市间交流，该项目试图将这些预期受益人直接参与研究过程。将用户实践及其（重新）与政策主导的干预措施联系起来。我们的“实践生态学”方法最终将为城市治理中的民主加深而做出新的见解。为了促进基于广泛的沟通，该项目的主要研究成果（框架，方法，调查结果）将转换为政策简介，博客文章，匿名数字档案和学校的教学材料。

项目成果

Participatory GIS for water, energy and food nexus towards a sustainable urban planning: study case of Guarulhos city, Brazil.

水、能源和粮食关系的参与式 GIS 实现可持续城市规划：巴西瓜鲁流斯市的研究案例。

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Carvalho CM

Shaping an Inclusive Energy Transition

塑造包容性能源转型

• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Hiteva, R

O nexo água, energia e alimentos no contexto da Metrópole Paulista

与保利斯塔大都会背景无关的能源和食品

• DOI: 10.1590/s0103-40142016.30880005
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Estudos Avançados
• 作者: GIATTI L

Development, Growth, Environment and Social Equity

发展、增长、环境和社会公平

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Cutolo, S.A.

Transparência e a governança das águas

透明度和治理

• DOI: 10.1590/s0103-40142016.30880006
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Estudos Avançados
• 作者: EMPINOTTI V