Catalyst aided regeneration of nonaqueous absorbent for low temperature CO2 capture

用于低温二氧化碳捕获的非水吸收剂的催化剂辅助再生

• 批准号: EP/Y026527/1
• 负责人: Xianfeng Fan
• 金额: $ 25.55万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FY026527%2F1
• 关键词: Catalyst; aided; regeneration; nonaqueous; absorbent

Despite substantial progress in the use of renewable energy, fossil fuel still accounts for 80% of global energy sources, which led to 34.9 gigatons of CO2 emissions in 2021. One feasible solution to this problem is the widespread deployment of CO2 capture facilities at large point sources, e.g., coal-fired power plants, which account for over 30% of global CO2 emissions. However, the availability of an economically affordable CO2 capture process is still a grand challenge as the conventional technologies suffer from huge energy requirement (3.5-4.0 Gigajoule per ton of CO2, GJ.tCO2-1) and large equipment size. CATNA-CO2 will respond to this global challenge by combining and developing two emerging technologies, nonaqueous absorbents and catalyst-aided solvent regeneration, to enable an energy-efficient CO2 capture from a typical combustion flue gas (12 v/v% CO2). A smart selection of diluent with a lower heat capacity than water will lower the energy consumption, while catalyst-mediated regeneration will optimize the CO2 desorption at a low temperature, further reducing the regeneration energy consumption. CATNA-CO2 will (i) develop inexpensive catalysts to enable a low-temperature CO2 capture process using a nonaqueous absorbent, and (ii) evaluate the catalytic regeneration process on a bench-scale unit with a focus on desorption kinetics, interfacial area, mass transfer coefficients, and regeneration heat duty. Moreover, synergistic benefits of nonaqueous absorbent and catalytic regeneration on the overall CO2 capture process will be evaluated to assess the reduction in equipment sizing. Solvent regeneration at a low temperature can enable efficient capture facilities to be installed at a wide range of industrial sites to achieve EU 2030 targets of at least 55% reduction in CO2 emissions.

尽管可再生能源的利用取得了实质性进展，但化石燃料仍占全球能源的80%，这导致2021年二氧化碳排放量为34.9吉吨。解决这一问题的一个可行的解决方案是大面积部署二氧化碳捕集设施来源，例如燃煤发电厂，其排放量占全球二氧化碳排放量的 30% 以上。然而，经济实惠的二氧化碳捕集工艺的可用性仍然是一个巨大的挑战，因为传统技术面临巨大的能源需求（每吨二氧化碳 3.5-4.0 吉焦耳，GJ.tCO2-1）和大型设备尺寸。 CATNA-CO2 将通过结合和开发两种新兴技术（非水吸收剂和催化剂辅助溶剂再生）来应对这一全球挑战，以实现从典型燃烧烟气（12 v/v% CO2）中高效捕集二氧化碳。明智地选择热容低于水的稀释剂将降低能耗，而催化剂介导的再生将优化CO2在低温下的解吸，进一步降低再生能耗。 CATNA-CO2 将 (i) 开发廉价的催化剂，以实现使用非水吸收剂的低温 CO2 捕获过程，以及 (ii) 在实验室规模装置上评估催化再生过程，重点关注解吸动力学、界面面积、质量传递系数和再生热负荷。此外，还将评估非水吸收剂和催化再生对整个二氧化碳捕获过程的协同效益，以评估设备尺寸的减小。低温溶剂再生可以在广泛的工业场所安装高效的捕集设施，以实现欧盟 2030 年二氧化碳排放量减少至少 55% 的目标。