ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AND BIRTH DEFECTS IN SOUTH TEXAS

德克萨斯州南部的环境暴露和出生缺陷

• 批准号: 3254858
• 负责人: Stuart Lloyd Shalat
• 金额: $ 39.6万
• 依托单位: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-09-30 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3254858
• 关键词: anencephalus; anorectal disorder; congenital disorders; congenital gastrointestinal disorder; congenital kidney disorder; environmental contamination; esophagus disorder; folate deficiency; gas chromatography mass spectrometry; high performance liquid chromatography; human subject; immunologic assay /test; interview; joint disorder; neural plate /tube; nutrition related tag; occupational hazard; pesticide biological effect; pyrethroid; questionnaires; soil sampling; spina bifida; triazines; water sampling /testing

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are amongst the most common of the major congenital malformations observed in human populations. The incidence of these malformations varies widely in different populations and geographic locales. Recent evidence suggest an elevated rate of NTDs in several different Hispanic populations. Additional recent investigations have reported increased risk of various congenital malformations in association with environmental exposure to pesticides. A case-control study is proposed to evaluate the hypothesis that environmental and/or occupational exposure to specific pesticides are associated with an increase in risk for the development of anencephaly and other birth defects. It will focus on the primarily Hispanic population in south Texas known to have elevated rates of NTDs. One of the counties to be Included (Cameron County) has been the recent targets of a cluster evaluation by the Texas Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control, which reported a greater than fourfold excess of anencephaly in offspring of mothers who reported they were exposed to aerial, spraying of pesticides. The proposed study will test the following hypotheses: 1) that environmental exposure to specific pesticides may increase the risk of anencephaly; 2) that environmental exposure to specific pesticides may Increase the risk of spina bifida, esophageal atresia, anorectal atresia, renal agenesis/dysgenesis, arthrogryposis, and limb reduction defects; 3) that deficiency in dietary levels of folic acid increased the risk of NTDs in the study populations. Detailed information on medical, occupational and dietary history will be obtained by in-person interview of subject mothers in either Spanish or English. Dietary folate will be assessed by a 24 hour recall questionnaire. Environmental exposure will be evaluated by testing water and soil samples by immunoassay, GC/MS, and HPLC for specific pesticides.

神经管缺陷 (NTD) 是最常见的主要缺陷之一 在人群中观察到的先天畸形。发病率 这些畸形在不同人群和地理区域中差异很大 语言环境。最近的证据表明，一些国家的 NTD 发病率较高 不同的西班牙裔人口。最近的其他调查有 据报道各种先天畸形的风险增加 环境接触农药。 提出了一项病例对照研究来评估以下假设： 环境和/或职业接触特定农药的情况 与发生无脑畸形的风险增加有关 其他出生缺陷。它将重点关注以下地区的主要西班牙裔人口 德克萨斯州南部的 NTD 发病率较高。县之一 be Included（卡梅伦县）已成为集群的近期目标 德克萨斯州卫生部和疾病中心的评估 对照报告称，无脑畸形的比例超过四倍以上 母亲的后代报告称自己暴露于空气中、喷洒的 杀虫剂。 拟议的研究将检验以下假设：1) 环境中接触特定农药可能会增加风险 无脑畸形； 2) 环境中暴露于特定农药可能会 增加脊柱裂、食道闭锁、肛门直肠闭锁的风险， 肾发育不全/发育不全、关节弯曲和肢体缩小缺陷； 3） 饮食中叶酸含量不足会增加 NTD 的风险 在研究人群中。有关医疗、职业的详细信息 饮食史将通过受试者的面对面访谈获得 母亲们用西班牙语或英语。膳食叶酸将通过以下方式评估 24小时回忆问卷。将评估环境暴露 通过免疫分析、GC/MS 和 HPLC 检测水和土壤样品 特定农药。