A centre for Advanced Digital Radiometric Instrumentation for Applied Nuclear Activities (ADRIANA)

应用核活动先进数字辐射仪器中心 (ADRIANA)

基本信息

批准号：
EP/L025671/1
负责人：
Malcolm Joyce
金额：
$ 132.52万
依托单位：
Lancaster University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FL025671%2F1
关键词：
centre Advanced Digital Radiometric Instrumentation

项目摘要

Facilities associated with nuclear activities, such as reactors, radioactive substances, wastes and processing systems can often be characterised by the radiation that they emit as a result of the processes going on with them, or residual contamination. This characterisation is very important because it is often impossible to enter such facilities due to the risk to health and, conversely, without characterising them we often do not know the extent of the risk either. Fortunately, because two of the most common forms of radiation - neutrons and gamma rays - are very penetrating, it is usually possible to carry out the necessary measurements without needing to intrude on the facilities under assessment. Indeed, a great deal can be learnt from non-intrusive, non-destructive assessments of these radiation fields.Until recently, the accepted techniques for assessing gamma-ray and neutron environments were still based on technologies developed at the dawn of the nuclear industry, in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Whilst adequate, these techniques were wholly analogue and as a result only a small proportion of the feasible assessments developed in the laboratory could be transported to industrial environments because extensive setting-up and configuration is needed, and they are not directly compatible with computer systems. Over the last 10 years, work at Lancaster and Liverpool Universities has focussed on digitizing these techniques, which is not easy because the speed with which the radiations interact with detecting systems is extremely fast, and often too fast for current electronic processing systems. The success of this research has enabled environments to be characterized in real-time and without the need for extensive set-up procedures that was the case for analogue apparatus, and in particular has resulted in a number new ways to image nuclear environments in terms of the radiation they emit. Of particular interest to this proposal is that it has become feasible to multiplex a much wider range of detector systems than was previously the case, with many new assay techniques being postulated if these larger, more sophisticated detector systems can be constructed for industrial applications.Because such detector systems are expensive, there are few if any of a suitable type available in the world despite the potential they hold for analysis in power production, decommissioning, cancer therapy and metrology. In this proposal we intend to construct several of these systems - a gamma-ray spectroscopy system, a neutron imaging system and a gamma-ray imaging system - to establish a cutting-edge group of facilities that can be used by researchers in the UK with an interest in these techniques. This will allow the benefits of digital radiation assay to be brought to bear on a wide range of applications without the need for every researcher to try to fund the expensive equipment necessary, and will be an efficient basis on which to continue Britain's lead in this important area.

与核活动相关的设施，例如反应堆、放射性物质、废物和处理系统，通常可以通过其在进行过程中发出的辐射或残留污染物来表征。这种特征描述非常重要，因为由于存在健康风险，通常无法进入此类设施，相反，如果不对其进行特征描述，我们通常也不知道风险的程度。幸运的是，由于两种最常见的辐射形式 - 中子和伽马射线 - 具有很强的穿透力，因此通常可以进行必要的测量，而无需侵入正在评估的设施。事实上，从这些辐射场的非侵入性、非破坏性评估中可以学到很多东西。直到最近，评估伽马射线和中子环境的公认技术仍然基于核工业初期开发的技术，在 20 世纪 50 年代、1960 年代和 1970 年代。虽然足够，但这些技术是完全模拟的，因此，只有一小部分在实验室开发的可行评估可以转移到工业环境，因为需要大量的设置和配置，并且它们与计算机系统不直接兼容。在过去的十年中，兰卡斯特大学和利物浦大学的工作重点是将这些技术数字化，这并不容易，因为辐射与检测系统相互作用的速度非常快，对于当前的电子处理系统来说往往太快了。这项研究的成功使得能够实时表征环境，而无需像模拟设备那样进行大量的设置程序，特别是在以下方面产生了许多对核环境进行成像的新方法：它们发出的辐射。该提案特别感兴趣的是，与以前的情况相比，复用更广泛的检测器系统已经变得可行，如果可以为工业应用构建这些更大、更复杂的检测器系统，则可以假设许多新的测定技术。因为此类检测器系统价格昂贵，尽管它们在电力生产、退役、癌症治疗和计量分析方面具有潜力，但世界上几乎没有合适的类型。在本提案中，我们打算建造其中几个系统——伽马射线光谱系统、中子成像系统和伽马射线成像系统——以建立一组尖端设施，供英国研究人员使用对这些技术感兴趣。这将使数字辐射测定的优势能够在广泛的应用中发挥作用，而无需每个研究人员尝试资助必要的昂贵设备，并将成为英国在这一重要领域继续保持领先地位的有效基础。区域。