REDUCING AVOIDABLE CANCER MORTALITY AMONG BLACKS

降低黑人可避免的癌症死亡率

• 批准号: 3441373
• 负责人: JOAN R BLOOM
• 金额: $ 51.21万
• 依托单位: CANCER PREVENTION INSTIT OF CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-08-01 至 1990-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3441373
• 关键词: African American; allied health personnel; behavioral medicine; breast neoplasms; cancer prevention; cervix neoplasms; community health services; early diagnosis; education evaluation /planning; health care referral /consultation; health care service utilization; health service demonstration project; information dissemination; larynx neoplasms; medical outreach /case finding; neoplasm /cancer diagnosis; neoplasm /cancer education; prostate neoplasms; public health nursing; social support network; telecommunications; uterus neoplasms

When cancer time-trend data are examined by site, higher mortality and lower survival rates are found among the black population. Early detection of cancer is believed to be less frequent among minority populations. Documentation of poorer cancer awareness suggests a causal linkage between awareness and early detection. Our goal is to improve cancer survival among black men and women aged 50 to 70 in a geographically defined area in Northern Alameda County, California. We aim to: 1) increase cancer awareness and cancer prevention practices among members of this population; 2) increase cancer prevention behaviors; 3) decrease the lag-time between identification of a suspicious sign and medical follow-up; and 4) decrease the stage at which digestive and reproductive cancers are diagnosed. To increase the probability that knowledge gains will lead to behavior change, we have designed an information and referral system that utilizes innovative engagement mechanisms. First, we plan to develop health messages regarding cancer symptoms for use in a Tel-Med system. An advice nurse will act as a backup to the system and will refer individuals for medical diagnosis or provide information on preventive measures. Second, we will organize and train individuals in such community groups as churches, clubs, and fraternal organizations to be advice givers within specific social networks and to make referrals to the Tel-Med system. Third, we will work with the provider community to increase sensitivity to cancer detection. Two methods of evaluation are proposed: in one, a pre-post design with a comparison group will be used; surveys in both study and comparison areas in years 1 and 5 will assess changes in cancer awareness and use of cancer prevention practices. To determine whether the objectives of the health education intervention have occurred, a comparison of pre and post results in these two will be conducted. This approach will help to determine whether our program was effective in increasing the earliness of detection for specified cancer sites. In this analysis, data for specified cancer sites in our target area will be compared to the entire San Francisco Bay Area.

当按地点检查癌症时间趋势数据时，死亡率更高，死亡率更低 在黑人人口中发现了存活率。 及早发现 据信，癌症在少数群体中较少发生。 癌症意识较差的记录表明，两者之间存在因果关系 意识和早期发现。 我们的目标是提高 50 岁黑人男性和女性的癌症生存率 70 位于加利福尼亚州北阿拉米达县的地理定义区域。 我们的目标是：1) 提高癌症意识和癌症预防实践 该人群中的成员； 2）增加癌症预防行为； 3) 减少识别可疑信号和识别可疑信号之间的滞后时间 医疗随访； 4）减少消化和消化的阶段 诊断出生殖系统癌症。 为了增加概率 知识的获取会导致行为的改变，我们设计了一个 利用创新参与的信息和推荐系统 机制。 首先，我们计划开发有关癌症的健康信息 在 Tel-Med 系统中使用的症状。 一名咨询护士将作为后备人员 系统并将转介个人进行医疗诊断或提供 有关预防措施的信息。 二、组织培训 教堂、俱乐部和兄弟会等社区团体中的个人 组织成为特定社交网络中的建议提供者并 转诊至 Tel-Med 系统。 第三，我们将与提供商合作 社区提高癌症检测的敏感性。 提出了两种评估方法：一种是采用前后设计 将使用对照组；研究和比较领域的调查 第一年和第五年将评估癌症意识和癌症使用的变化 预防措施。 确定是否达到健康目标 教育干预发生后，前后结果对比 将在这两项中进行。 这种方法将有助于确定 我们的计划是否有效提高了检测的早期性 针对特定的癌症部位。 在此分析中，特定癌症的数据 我们目标区域的站点将与整个旧金山湾进行比较 区域。