CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF EPILEPSY

癫痫的细胞机制

• 批准号: 3406144
• 负责人: LEONA M MASUKAWA
• 金额: $ 22.4万
• 依托单位: GRADUATE HOSPITAL (PHILADELPHIA)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-07-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3406144
• 关键词: antidromic impulse; biological models; brain electrical activity; cell membrane; cell population study; cellular pathology; dentate gyrus; electrical measurement; electrical potential; electrophysiology; epilepsy; excitatory aminoacid; hippocampus; histology; human tissue; kainate; laboratory rat; neural inhibition; neural initiation; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology

Epilepsy is a major debilitating disorder of the central nervous system which is characterized by abnormal electrical activity of the brain. This disease affects the lives of millions of people. Although epilepsy can be treated in many cases with drug therapy, a significant number of patients are intractable to drug treatment. The aim of this research plan is to determine the cellular mechanisms of epilepsy in humans, in order to assist in developing improved treatments of seizure disorders. The cellular mechanisms of seizure activity will be investigated by studying the electrical events which occur during the transition between normal and abnormal neuronal behavior in epileptic human tissue. The dentate gyrus holds a crucial position in the control of electrical activity of the hippocampus, a site of seizure initiation. Therefore, the electrical activity of neurons in the dentate gyrus will be examined with intracellular techniques using brain slices from rat, monkey and epileptic patients. Comparison of data from experiments carried out on three species should resolve several important issues concerning studies of human tissue. The influence of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input on hyperexcitability of the dentate gyrus will be examined. The role neurotransmitters play in modulating neuronal activity will be examined in detail with respect to low frequency synaptic input. The results from the proposed experiments will provide greatly needed information concerning the physiological basis of seizure disorders.

癫痫是中枢神经系统的主要使人衰弱的障碍 其特征是大脑的异常电活动。 这种疾病影响了数百万人的生活。 虽然癫痫 在许多情况下可以治疗药物治疗，大量 患者对药物治疗很棘手。 这项研究的目的 计划是确定人类癫痫的细胞机制，在 为了协助开发改进的癫痫发作疗法。 癫痫活性的细胞机制将通过 研究在过渡期间发生的电气事件 癫痫性人体组织中的正常和异常神经元行为。 这 齿状回在控制电气方面至关重要 海马的活性，癫痫发作的部位。 所以， 将检查齿状回中神经元的电活动 使用大鼠，猴子和大脑切片的细胞内技术 癫痫患者。 对实验的数据进行比较 三个物种应解决有关研究的几个重要问题 人体组织。 兴奋性和抑制性突触的影响 将检查有关齿状回的过度刺激性的输入。 这 角色神经递质在调节神经元活动中发挥作用 相对于低频突触输入进行了详细检查。 这 拟议的实验的结果将非常需要 有关癫痫疾病的生理基础的信息。