University of Glasgow - Equipment Account

格拉斯哥大学 - 设备帐户

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J014478/1
负责人：
Muffy Calder
金额：
$ 463.05万
依托单位：
University of Glasgow
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ014478%2F1
关键词：
University Glasgow Equipment Account

项目摘要

The peculiar behaviour of liquid and supercooled water has been baffling science for at least 236 years and is still seen as a major challenge facing chemistry today (Whitesides & Deutch, Nature 469, 21 (2011)). In the 1970s and 1990s, it was suggested that such strange behaviour might be caused by thermodynamic transitions, possibly even a second critical point. This second critical point would terminate a coexistence line between low- and high-density amorphous phases of water. Unfortunately, this second critical point (if it exists) and the associated polyamorphic liquid-liquid transition is difficult to study as it is thought to lie below the homogeneous nucleation temperature in a region known as "no man's land" (Angell, Science 319, 582 (2008)). Recent work, notably by Hajime Tanaka of the University of Tokyo (see, for example, Nature Communications 1, 16 (2010)) has suggested that such a second critical point and the associated liquid-liquid transition might be much more common. In fact, liquid-liquid transitions have now been observed in a range of highly interacting atomic liquids such as phosphorus, gallium, silicon, germanium, and bismuth, and even in supercooled Y2O3-Al2O3. Theoretical considerations (independently by the groups of Hajime Tanaka and Eugene Stanley) suggest that liquid-liquid transitions should be very common even in molecular liquids. However, the only molecular liquid in which such a transition is now well established is triphenyl phosphite, which has been studied by Tanaka. Unfortunately, the effect is only observed when the liquid is deeply supercooled and extremely viscous. This precludes a detailed and definitive study of the phenomenon and has led to considerable controversy.In preliminary work, we have discovered the presence of a liquid-liquid transition in a few simple organic liquids above their melting point where the viscosity is low. This will allow a unique series of comprehensive studies of the liquid-liquid transition involving repeated thermal cycling through the transition. A number of experimental techniques will be used providing access to dynamics from femtosecond to kiloseconds and structure from molecular to macroscopic scales. Spectroscopic imaging techniques will be used to provide insight into molecular interactions and molecular-scale environments and their association with the liquid-liquid transition. This will allow detailed comparison with theoretical models and will give unprecedented insight into the physical origin of these phenomena and allow manipulation and control in future applications. To ensure maximum impact of the experimental work, it is critical to have strong ties with experts in the theory and simulation of LLTs and we have secured the collaboration of H. Eugene Stanley.

液体和过冷水的奇特行为困扰了科学至少 236 年，并且仍然被视为当今化学面临的重大挑战（Whitesides & Deutch, Nature 469, 21 (2011)）。在 20 世纪 70 年代和 90 年代，有人提出这种奇怪的行为可能是由热力学转变引起的，甚至可能是第二个临界点。第二个临界点将终止水的低密度非晶相和高密度非晶相之间的共存线。不幸的是，第二个临界点（如果存在）和相关的多晶液-液转变很难研究，因为它被认为低于被称为“无人区”的区域的均质成核温度（Angell，Science 319， 582（2008））。最近的工作，尤其是东京大学的 Hajime Tanaka（例如，参见 Nature Communications 1, 16 (2010)）表明，这样的第二个临界点和相关的液-液转变可能更为常见。事实上，现在已经在一系列高度相互作用的原子液体中观察到液-液转变，例如磷、镓、硅、锗和铋，甚至在过冷的 Y2O3-Al2O3 中。理论考虑（由 Hajime Tanaka 和 Eugene Stanley 的研究小组独立进行）表明，即使在分子液体中，液-液转变也应该非常常见。然而，目前唯一能很好地建立这种转变的分子液体是亚磷酸三苯酯，田中对此进行了研究。不幸的是，只有当液体深度过冷且极其粘稠时才能观察到这种效应。这妨碍了对该现象进行详细和明确的研究，并引发了相当大的争议。在初步工作中，我们发现一些简单的有机液体在其熔点以上、粘度较低的情况下存在液-液转变。这将允许对液-液转变进行一系列独特的综合研究，涉及转变过程中的重复热循环。将使用许多实验技术来提供从飞秒到千秒的动力学以及从分子到宏观尺度的结构。光谱成像技术将用于深入了解分子相互作用和分子尺度环境及其与液-液转变的关联。这将允许与理论模型进行详细比较，并将对这些现象的物理起源提供前所未有的洞察力，并允许在未来的应用中进行操纵和控制。为了确保实验工作产生最大的影响，与 LLT 理论和模拟领域的专家建立牢固的联系至关重要，我们已经获得了 H. Eugene Stanley 的合作。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Frustration of crystallisation by a liquid-crystal phase.

DOI：
10.1038/srep42439
发表时间：
2017-02-17
期刊：
Scientific reports
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Syme CD;Mosses J;González-Jiménez M;Shebanova O;Walton F;Wynne K
通讯作者：
Wynne K

Crystal templating through liquid-liquid phase separation.

通过液-液相分离进行晶体模板化。

DOI：
10.1039/c4cc07880b
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Mosses J
通讯作者：
Mosses J

Mesoscopic amorphous particles rather than oligomeric molecular aggregates are the cause of laser-induced crystal nucleation.

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2207173119
发表时间：
2022-08-16
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
通讯作者：

Influence of alkyne spacers on the performance of thiophene-based donors in bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells

DOI：
10.1016/j.dyepig.2021.109152
发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
Dyes and Pigments
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
John Marques dos Santos;Marios Neophytou;A. Wiles;Calvyn T Howells;R. S. Ashraf;I. McCulloch;G. Cooke
通讯作者：
John Marques dos Santos;Marios Neophytou;A. Wiles;Calvyn T Howells;R. S. Ashraf;I. McCulloch;G. Cooke