HORMONAL INFLUENCES ON NEURAL-BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT

荷尔蒙对神经行为发育的影响

• 批准号: 3325216
• 负责人: Melissa Hines
• 金额: $ 13.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-12-01 至 1993-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3325216
• 关键词: Turner's syndrome; adrenal hyperplasia; androgens; cerebral cortex; child (0-11); child psychology; cognition; developmental neurobiology; estrogens; female; gender difference; hormone regulation /control mechanism; human subject; neuropsychological tests; play; preference; role; social psychology; video recording system

An integrated program of human and animal research is proposed. It will examine neural and social factors underlying influences of androgens and estrogens on development, particularly of the cerebral cortex and cognition. Human research will include studies of two groups exposed prenatally to unusual hormone milieus: 1. children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in which the adrenal gland overproduces androgen; and 2. females with Turner's Syndrome (TS) in which the ovary fails to produce hormones. Study 1 will investigate the hypothesis that changes in toy preferences of girls with CAH reflect social factors, such as parental perceptions and treatment, rather than or in addition to hormonal influences on the developing brain. Children with CAH will be videotaped alone, and with both parents, playing with sex-typed and neutral toys. Paper and pencil measures will also be used to measure gender identification and sex-typed parental perceptions, and to obtain broad measures of behavior. Study 2 will examine cognition in TS patients using several tests, some measuring functions associated with males (e.g., visuospatial ability and language lateralization), some measuring functions associated with females (e.g., verbal fluency and perceptual speed) and some unrelated to gender. These will distinguish among 3 hypotheses concerning cognitive development in TS females: 1. impaired masculine neural systems; 2. impaired masculine and feminine systems; or 3. general impairment, unrelated to sexual differentiation. Toy preferences of girls with TS will be studied to determine if changes in play behavior parallel adult cognitive function. Research on rats will investigate mechanisms underlying hormonal influences on the developing cerebral cortex and provide information for interpreting clinical studies. Data suggest that hormonal influences on cortical development differ from those established elsewhere. We will use standard techniques of hormone removal and administration to examine this. We will also examine the distribution of cortical estrogen receptors to delineate possible sites of hormone action and to test the hypothesis that sex difference in cortical development result from sex differences in receptor distribution. This research will provide information as to how hormonal and social factors act singly and in combination to influence cortical and cognitive development. It will provide information regarding the relevance to human development of animal models and will increase understanding of the behavioral consequences of prenatal exposure to sex-typed hormones.

提出了人类和动物研究的综合计划。 会 检查雄激素的影响的神经和社会因素以及 发育中的雌激素，特别是大脑皮层和 认识。 人类研究将包括对暴露的两组的研究 产前到异常激素环境：1。先天肾上腺的儿童 肾上腺过度产生雄激素的增生（CAH）；和2。 卵巢未能产生的特纳综合症（TS）的女性 激素。 研究1将调查玩具变化的假设 CAH女孩的偏好反映了社会因素，例如父母 感知和治疗，而不是荷尔蒙 对发展中的大脑的影响。 带有CAH的孩子将被录像 独自一人，与父母双方一起玩性类型和中性玩具。 纸和铅笔措施也将用于测量性别 识别和性别类似的父母的看法，并获得广泛的 行为衡量。 研究2将检查使用TS患者的认知 几项测试，一些与男性相关的测量功能（例如， 视觉空间能力和语言横向化），一些测量功能 与女性有关（例如，语言流利性和感知速度）和 有些与性别无关。 这些将在3个假设中区分 关于TS女性的认知发展：1。男性障碍 神经系统； 2。男性和女性系统受损；或3。一般 障碍，与性别差异无关。 女孩的玩具偏好 将研究TS，以确定游戏行为的变化是否平行 成人认知功能。 对大鼠的研究将研究机制 对发展中脑皮质的潜在激素影响和 提供解释临床研究的信息。 数据表明 激素对皮质发育的影响与已建立的影响不同 别处。 我们将使用荷尔蒙去除的标准技术和 执政以审查这一点。 我们还将检查 皮质雌激素受体以描绘激素作用的可能位点 并检验了皮质发育中的性别差异的假设 受体分布的性别差异导致。 这项研究会 提供有关荷尔蒙和社会因素如何单独行动以及在 影响皮质和认知发展的结合。 会 提供有关与动物人类发展相关的信息 模型并将增加对行为后果的理解 产前暴露于性类似的激素。