DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES OF SPEECH PERCEPTION

言语感知的发展研究

• 批准号: 3310370
• 负责人: PETER D EIMAS
• 金额: $ 14.85万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1976
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1976-09-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3310370
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; child psychology; cognition; decision making; early experience; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); language development; neural information processing; psychoacoustics; speech; visual feedback; young adult human (21-34)

The major aims of the proposed research are to add (1) to our understanding of the development of phonetic competence during early infancy, (2) to our knowledge of the early perceptual capacities of infants and (3) to our knowledge of the processing systems that underlie the perception of speech in mature listeners. More specifically, experiments that use a high amplitude sucking procedure are proposed to investigate whether some of the prerequisites for duplex perception exist within the processing capacity of young infants. These prerequisites include being able to discriminate information in either channel and being able to fuse dichotically presented acoustic information. Additional studies are planned that are relevant to duplex perception, but that will also provide evidence related to the general problem of whether infants perceive the information for speech (in this case formant transitions) in accord with principles that would seem to derive from tacit knowledge of the consequences of production. In another series of experiments with infants, the characteristics of the processing system that mediates the perception of simple visual patterns is to be investigated. The proposed studies, which use a familiarization/novelty preference method, are designed to provide more detailed data on the use of multiple sources of visual information. Of concern is how these processing properties compare to seemingly similar processes in the domain of speech. Finally, two series of experiments are planned with adult listeners. The first series is to provide data on the flow of information during the perception of speech. A modification of the procedure to study duplex perception is to be used to examine the limits on the extent to which information can be used by more than a single processor. The second series of studies investigates the higher-order, decision-related aspects of the speech processing system. These experiments use a priming technique to examine the effects of automatic processes as well as acquired expectations on simple decisions based on the perceived phonetic quality of speech signals. These studies together should serve to enlarge our view of the perceptual systems for speech and provide a base against which deviations in the development of competence for the processing of speech may be evaluated.

拟议研究的主要目的是将（1）添加到我们的 理解语音能力的发展 早期婴儿期，（2）我们对早期感知的了解 婴儿的能力和（3）我们对处理的了解 基于成熟语音感知的系统 听众。 更具体地说，使用高的实验 提出了提出振幅吮吸程序来调查是否 某些双链感知的先决条件存在 年轻婴儿的处理能力。 这些先决条件包括 能够在任何一个渠道中区分信息并存在 能够融合有二十一章的声学信息。 计划了其他研究与双工有关 感知，但这也将提供与 婴儿是否感知信息的一般问题 语音（在这种情况下是强式转换） 这似乎源于对 生产的后果。 在婴儿的另一系列实验中，特征 介导简单感知的处理系统 视觉模式将进行研究。 拟议的研究，这是 使用熟悉/新颖性偏好方法，旨在 提供有关使用多种来源的更详细的数据 视觉信息。 令人担忧的是这些处理属性如何 与语音领域中看似相似的过程相比。 最后，计划成人两个系列实验 听众。 第一个系列是提供有关流程的数据 语音感知期间的信息。 修改 研究双工感知的程序应用于检查 有关更多信息可以使用更多信息的限制 比单个处理器。 第二系列研究调查了 演讲的高阶，与决策有关的方面 处理系统。 这些实验使用启动技术 检查自动过程的效果以及获得的 基于感知的语音对简单决定的期望 语音信号的质量。 这些研究应用于 扩大我们对语音感知系统的看法，并提供 偏离能力发展的基础 对于语音的处理，可以评估。