New insight into functional eye evolution: seeing the world through moving photoreceptors.

对眼睛功能进化的新见解：通过移动的感光器看世界。

基本信息

批准号：
BB/X006247/1
负责人：
Mikko Ilmari Juusola
金额：
$ 85.01万
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FX006247%2F1
关键词：
New insight into functional eye

项目摘要

We wish to understand how insects perceive the 3-dimensional world they live in and use this knowledge to simulate what they see, mathematically. We have made the first critical step of this unique approach by generating a new theory that predicts how well a fruit fly sees 3-dimensional objects and demonstrated its accuracy in predicting neural responses and visual behaviours. This proposal aims for the next step: to test and expand this approach to other insects, in which eyes and brains have adapted to different lifestyles and environments, to decipher stereo vision from a completely new dynamic perspective.To move efficiently, animals must continuously work out their x,y,z-positions in respect to real-world objects, and many animals have a pair of eyes to achieve this. How photoreceptors actively sample the eyes' optical image disparity is not understood because this fundamental information-limiting step has not been investigated in vivo over the eyes' whole sampling matrix. This integrative multiscale study aims to advance our current understanding of stereopsis in insect compound eyes, from static image disparity comparison to a new morphodynamic active sampling theory. It is designed, using experiments and theory, to reveal and analyse how photomechanical photoreceptor microsaccades in the butterfly, honeybees, ant and housefly eyes have adapted through evolution to provide super-resolution 3D vision. This research aims to reveal how well each of these insect species see the three-dimensional world, and use this information to predict their visual capabilities and behaviours. Moreover, the results obtained with this research have real potential to provide new algorithms for robotic sensing and three-dimensional machine vision.

我们希望了解昆虫如何感知它们所生活的 3 维世界，并利用这些知识以数学方式模拟它们所看到的内容。我们通过生成一种新理论，预测果蝇看到 3 维物体的能力，并证明其在预测神经反应和视觉行为方面的准确性，为这种独特方法迈出了关键的第一步。该提案的下一步目标是：测试并将这种方法扩展到其他昆虫，其中眼睛和大脑已经适应了不同的生活方式和环境，从全新的动态角度解读立体视觉。为了有效地移动，动物必须不断工作确定它们相对于现实世界物体的 x、y、z 位置，许多动物都有一双眼睛来实现这一点。目前尚不清楚光感受器如何主动对眼睛的光学图像差异进行采样，因为尚未在眼睛的整个采样矩阵上对这一基本信息限制步骤进行体内研究。这项综合多尺度研究旨在推进我们目前对昆虫复眼立体视觉的理解，从静态图像视差比较到新的形态动力学主动采样理论。它的设计目的是利用实验和理论来揭示和分析蝴蝶、蜜蜂、蚂蚁和家蝇眼睛中的光机械感光器微扫视如何通过进化来适应提供超分辨率 3D 视觉。这项研究旨在揭示每种昆虫对三维世界的感知程度，并利用这些信息来预测它们的视觉能力和行为。此外，这项研究获得的结果具有为机器人传感和三维机器视觉提供新算法的真正潜力。