Using artificial intelligence to identify spatio-temporal mechanisms of cell competition

利用人工智能识别细胞竞争的时空机制

• 批准号: BB/Y002709/1
• 负责人: Ruben Perez-Carrasco
• 金额: $ 85.13万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FY002709%2F1
• 关键词: Using; artificial; intelligence; identify; spatio

Embryonic stem cells, also called pluripotent stem cells, are a cell type that exists in the early mammalian embryo and that have the potential to give rise to all the cell types and tissues that will form the foetus. The process by which these cells start to form more specialised cells is called differentiation and is very error prone. For this reason there are strict quality controls in place that prevent the emergence of abnormal embryonic stem cells. One such control is cells competition, that acts by comparing the fitness of cells within the stem cell population and eliminating those cells that are less fit than their neighbours. The elimination of abnormal cells by cell competition ensures that only the fittest cells go on to form the later embryo. Importantly, cell competition has also been shown to regulate cell fitness a variety of other contexts, from cancer to ageing. However, despite the importance of cell competition, we still do not understand the parameters that determine cell fitness, and therefore that establish which cells are the winners and which are losers of this fitness competition. The main difficulty lies in the feedback between cell rearrangements in the tissue and cell competition elimination; requiring to identify the role that cell proliferation, cell motility, apoptosis and cell signalling have during the competition process. To tackle this problem, we will develop a computational model of cell competition that will use the power of artificial intelligence to identify the contribution of different mechanisms of competition from live cell imaging in an unbiassed way. The artificial intelligence inference will identify the parameters that then we will verify experimentally to establish the most important factors that determine the outcome of cell competition. The identification of these factors will provide for the first-time insight into the rules that govern the competitive behaviour of pluripotent stem cells, and future work will be aimed at studying what other cell types abide by these rules, and therefore how universal these rules are.

胚胎干细胞（也称为多能干细胞）是一种细胞类型，它存在于早期哺乳动物胚胎中，并且有可能引起所有会形成胎儿的细胞类型和组织。这些细胞开始形成更专业的细胞的过程称为分化，并且很容易出错。因此，存在严格的质量控制，以防止异常的胚胎干细胞出现。这样的对照是细胞竞争，它通过比较干细胞种群中细胞的适应性并消除那些比其邻居较小的细胞来起作用。通过细胞竞争消除异常细胞可确保只有适量细胞继续形成后来的胚胎。重要的是，还显示细胞竞争可以调节细胞适应性从癌症到衰老的各种其他情况。但是，尽管细胞竞争的重要性，我们仍然不了解确定细胞健康的参数，因此确定哪些细胞是赢家，哪些是该健身竞争的失败者。主要困难在于组织中细胞重排和消除细胞竞争之间的反馈。需要确定细胞增殖，细胞运动，凋亡和细胞信号在竞争过程中的作用。为了解决这个问题，我们将开发一种细胞竞争的计算模型，该模型将使用人工智能的力量来以公正的方式从实时细胞成像中确定不同机制的贡献。人工智能推断将确定参数，然后我们将通过实验验证确定确定细胞竞争结果的最重要因素。这些因素的识别将提供对控制多元化干细胞竞争行为的规则的首次见解，未来的工作将旨在研究其他细胞类型遵守这些规则，因此这些规则是如何普遍的。