ANALYSIS OF NEMATODE SEX DETERMINATION

线虫性别决定分析

• 批准号: 3278516
• 负责人: BARBARA J MEYER
• 金额: $ 9.9万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-09-01 至 1990-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3278516
• 关键词: Caenorhabditis elegans; DNA; Drosophilidae; autoradiography; autosome; developmental genetics; endonuclease; fluorescence microscopy; gene complementation; gene dosage; gene expression; genetic regulation; genetic transcription; lethal genes; male; meiosis; messenger RNA; molecular cloning; nondisjunction; nucleic acid hybridization; nucleic acid sequence; sex behavior; sex chromosomes; sex determination

How an organism determines which of two alternative pathways of sexual differentiation to follow is a fundamental problem in development. In C. elegans, a free-living soil nematode, the ratio of X chromosomes to sets of autosomes determines whether the organism develops into a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite (2A:2X) or a male (2A:1X). In addition, a set of autosomal genes responsive to the chromosome balance has been identified as essential for either hermaphrodite development or male development. 1. One of our aims is to determine how C. elegans assesses the ratio of X chromosomes to autosomes and how this measurement affects the expression of sex-determining genes and dosage-compensating genes downstream in the pathway. One approach is a genetical one, isolating male and hermaphrodite lethal mutations and suppressors of genes known to be involved in dosage compensation. A second approach is to perform a descriptive analysis at the cellular level, of intersexual animals, induced either by mutation or by altering X dosage. This description will provide a broader framework in which to think about the consequences of altering the correct assessment of the X:A ratio. Because sexual differentiation is determined by the chromosomal composition, it is often necessary to impose a further mechanism to insure that expression of genes on sex chromosomes is kept equal in the different sexes. 2. another aim is to gain an understanding of the mechanism of dosage compensation. Our approach is to analyze genetically and biochemically loci known to affect the expression of X-linked genes and to identify new loci involved in this process. The biochemical analysis involves assaying X-linked gene expression in animals with mutations suspected to alter dosage compensation in order to determine if, in fact, they do. In addition, the analysis involves the molecular cloning of loci involved in dosage compensation.

生物如何确定两种替代性途径中的哪种 与之后的区分是发展中的基本问题。 在C. 秀丽隐杆线虫是一种自由生活的线虫，X染色体与一组的比率 常染色体确定生物体是否发展为自我提取 雌雄同体（2a：2x）或雄性（2a：1x）。 另外，一组常染色体 对染色体平衡反应的基因已被确定为必不可少的 用于雌雄同体的发展或男性发展。 1。我们的目标之一是确定秀丽隐杆线虫如何评估x的比率 染色体到常染色体以及该测量如何影响 性别确定的基因和剂量补偿基因下游 路径。 一种方法是一种遗传，隔离男性和雌雄同体 已知参与剂量的基因的致命突变和抑制因子 赔偿。 第二种方法是在 通过突变或 通过改变X剂量。 此描述将为更广泛的框架提供 要考虑更改正确评估的后果 x：一个比率。 因为性别分化是由染色体确定的 组成，通常有必要施加进一步的机制来确保 在不同的性别染色体上的基因表达在不同的 性别。 2。另一个目的是了解剂量机制 赔偿。 我们的方法是通过遗传和生化分析 已知会影响X连锁基因的表达并识别新的基因座 参与此过程的基因座。 生化分析涉及分析 X连锁基因表达在动物中，突变怀疑会改变 剂量补偿是为了确定实际上是否这样做。 在 此外，分析涉及与参与的基因座的分子克隆 剂量补偿。