Reversible modification of methionine as a mechanism to regualte protein function in the mitochondrion and secretory pathway

蛋氨酸的可逆修饰作为调节线粒体和分泌途径中蛋白质功能的机制

• 批准号: BB/V001183/1
• 负责人: Brian Smith
• 金额: $ 74.4万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FV001183%2F1
• 关键词: Reversible; modification; methionine; mechanism; regualte

The function of cells and tissues is often regulated by proteins that can be switched on or off by their reversible modification. These cellular function include critical processes such as cell-division, metabolism and death so it is important that we understand how these reversible modifications occur. This project aims to study one type of poorly characterised modification, called methionine oxidation, which can occur during conditions of cell stress. Specifically we will gain detailed information on the ability of a specific enzyme to catalyse both the oxidation and reduction of proteins - essentially being able to switch on and off protein function. Hence, the research has the potential to unravel a key mechanism for regulating cellular function during normal physiology and during stress.To understand this enzyme more fully, we will determine its 3-dimensional structure during its catalytic cycle and in that way obtain a detailed understanding of how it works. We will also develop new chemical probes which will enable us to follow its enzymatic activity within live cells providing unprecedented detail on its location and activity under normal and stress conditions. Finally, we will use our knowledge of the enzyme's mechanism to identify the substrates of the enzyme, in other words, the proteins it is able to turn on and off. Using this information we will understand how, where and when the enzyme works and unravel the cellular functions that are controlled by its activity.

细胞和组织的功能通常由蛋白质调节，这些蛋白质可以通过其可逆修饰来打开或关闭。这些细胞功能包括细胞分裂、新陈代谢和死亡等关键过程，因此了解这些可逆修饰如何发生非常重要。该项目旨在研究一种特征不明的修饰，称为蛋氨酸氧化，这种修饰可能在细胞应激条件下发生。具体来说，我们将获得有关特定酶催化蛋白质氧化和还原能力的详细信息 - 本质上能够打开和关闭蛋白质功能。因此，这项研究有可能揭示正常生理和应激期间调节细胞功能的关键机制。为了更全面地了解这种酶，我们将确定其催化循环过程中的3维结构，从而获得详细的了解它是如何运作的。我们还将开发新的化学探针，这将使我们能够追踪其在活细胞内的酶活性，提供关于其在正常和应激条件下的位置和活性的前所未有的细节。最后，我们将利用对酶机制的了解来识别酶的底物，换句话说，就是它能够打开和关闭的蛋白质。利用这些信息，我们将了解酶如何、在何处以及何时发挥作用，并揭示由其活性控制的细胞功能。