A proof of concept that RECQ 7 can be used as a tool to increase recombination

RECQ 7 可用作增加重组的工具的概念证明

• 批准号: BB/T011963/1
• 负责人: Anthony Hall
• 金额: $ 17.51万
• 依托单位: Earlham Institute
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FT011963%2F1
• 关键词: proof; concept; RECQ; used; tool

Significant advances are being made in our understanding of complex crop traits through powerful phenotyping and genetic approaches, resulting in large numbers of traits associated with markers, genes or alleles (alternate forms of a gene). The potential of stacking these traits to drive improvements in crops, such as rapid yield increases or durable disease resistance, are enormous. The critical bottleneck in taking advantage of our increased understanding of complex crop traits is our ability to combine these traits effectively. Introducing a gene or allele associated with a specific trait into a crop often introduces additional unwanted genetic material, including alleles which can negatively affect the performance of the crop; a process called linkage drag. Our ability to rapidly stack multiple traits in elite cultivars, generating new combinations of alleles whilst breaking down the linkage drag of non-advantageous alleles is a major challenge. This is primarily due to low rates of recombination and that recombination tends to occur in the distal ends of chromosomes in many of our important crops. A key goal for scientists is to increase both the distribution and rate of recombination which will aid the targeted introduction of specific alleles, without unwanted deleterious genetic material. This year we published a study demonstrating an untapped source of recombination by identifying large, high frequency gene conversions that occur across the wheat chromosomes. Moreover, using existing datasets we were able to identify that the RECQ7 gene regulates either or both the size and/or frequency of these events. This grant proposal aims to build on these initial discoveries and the techniques developed. We propose to demonstrate the proof-of-concept that manipulation of RECQ7 offers a potential mechanism of increasing recombination thus driving novel allelic combinations. Generating this prototype tool is the first step to releasing the impact of this research in breeding programmes.

通过强大的表型和遗传方法，我们对复杂的作物特征的理解正在取得重大进步，从而导致了与标记，基因或等位基因（基因的替代形式）相关的大量特征。堆叠这些特征以推动农作物改善的潜力，例如快速产量增加或耐疾病的耐药性。利用我们对复杂作物特征的不断理解的关键瓶颈是我们有效地结合这些特征的能力。将与特定特征相关的基因或等位基因引入农作物通常会引入其他不良遗传物质，包括可能对作物的性能产生负面影响的等位基因；一个称为链接阻力的过程。我们在精英品种中快速堆叠多个特征的能力，产生了等位基因的新组合，同时打破了非优势等位基因的连锁阻力是一个重大挑战。这主要是由于重组率低，并且重组往往发生在我们许多重要作物的染色体的远端。科学家的一个关键目标是增加重组的分布和速率，这将有助于目标引入特定等位基因，而无需有害的有害遗传物质。 今年，我们发表了一项研究，该研究表明，通过鉴定出跨小麦染色体中发生的大型高频基因转化来证明未开发的重组来源。此外，使用现有数据集，我们能够确定RECQ7基因调节这些事件的大小和/或频率。该赠款提案旨在基于这些最初发现和发展的技术。我们建议证明概念概念的操纵提供了增加重组的潜在机制，从而推动了新型的等位基因组合。生成此原型工具是释放这项研究对育种计划的影响的第一步。