Base Metal Rich Pd-Bi Ordered Intermetallics for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

用于氧还原反应的富贱金属 Pd-Bi 有序金属间化合物

基本信息

批准号：
1764310
负责人：
Anthony Hall
金额：
$ 39万
依托单位：
Johns Hopkins University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-01 至 2021-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1764310&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Base Metal Rich Pd Bi

项目摘要

The development of efficient renewable energy conversion and storage devices is one of the most important challenges of this century. However, renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, are intermittent. This means that energy derived from those sources needs to be stored in an energy dense medium for use at night, or when the wind is not blowing. Energy-dense chemical fuels have emerged as an important means of storing renewable energy. When renewable energy is not available, the energy dense-chemical fuel can be electrolyzed to produce electricity on demand in a fuel cell device. Currently, platinum, an expensive precious metal, is used to convert the fuel to electricity. Prof. Anthony Shoji Hall of Johns Hopkins University is developing high-performing catalysts with reduced amounts of precious metal, allowing electricity to be produced from chemical fuels more cheaply, but without sacrificing performance. Dr. Hall's laboratory also actively engages in outreach at inner city Baltimore high schools. This activity will allow a female minority high school student to study in his laboratory to learn about renewable energy science, and will support the performance of demonstrations for a high school student group at an inner city Baltimore school on the topic of renewable energy.With this award, The Chemical Catalysis Program of the Chemistry Division is funding Prof. Anthony Shoji Hall of Johns Hopkins University to investigate the oxygen reduction reaction on palladium-bismuth (Pd-Bi) ordered intermetallic nanoparticles synthesized at low temperature. Recently, ordered intermetallic materials have attracted significant attention as high performance electrocatalysts in comparison to disordered alloys. However, these materials often require high temperatures to form, making it difficult to control the size and shapes of the particles. Dr. Hall has recently found that various phases of Pd-Bi ordered intermetallics can be synthesized at more moderate temperatures, allowing access to these materials via low temperature colloidal synthesis. Preliminary results indicate that Pd-Bi ordered intermetallics possess unprecedented catalytic activity, and stability for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR), suggesting that Bi can modify the properties of Pd, facilitating enhanced catalytic activity. To understand the origin of high catalytic activity, electro-kinetic and in-situ spectroscopic studies are performed, a mechanistic pathway is proposed, and catalyst performance and stability is evaluated. The goal of these studies is to gain understanding of why Pd-Bi intermetallics are excellent catalysts for ORR, and how to grow ordered intermetallic nanoparticles with controlled sizes, shapes, and compositions. This knowledge facilitates the integration of these materials into advanced fuel cell devices.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

有效的可再生能源转换和存储设备的发展是本世纪最重要的挑战之一。但是，可再生能源（例如太阳能和风能）是间歇性的。这意味着，从这些来源得出的能量需要存储在夜间或风不吹时的能量密集介质中。能量致密的化学燃料已成为存储可再生能源的重要手段。如果不可续签能源，则可以将能量密集化学燃料电气化以在燃料电池设备中产生电力。目前，铂金是一种昂贵的贵金属，用于将燃料转换为电力。约翰·霍普金斯大学（Johns Hopkins University）的安东尼·肖吉（Anthony Shoji）教授正在开发具有减少珍贵金属量的高性能催化剂，从而使化学燃料的电力更便宜，但不会牺牲性能。霍尔博士的实验室还积极在巴尔的摩内城进行宣传。 This activity will allow a female minority high school student to study in his laboratory to learn about renewable energy science, and will support the performance of demonstrations for a high school student group at an inner city Baltimore school on the topic of renewable energy.With this award, The Chemical Catalysis Program of the Chemistry Division is funding Prof. Anthony Shoji Hall of Johns Hopkins University to investigate the oxygen reduction reaction on palladium-bismuth (Pd-Bi)在低温下合成的有序金属间纳米颗粒。最近，与无序合金相比，有序的金属材料吸引了高性能电催化剂。但是，这些材料通常需要高温才能形成，因此难以控制颗粒的大小和形状。霍尔博士最近发现，可以在更适度的温度下合成PD-BI有序的金属间的各个阶段，从而可以通过低温胶体合成进入这些材料。初步结果表明，PD-BI有序的金属间学具有前所未有的催化活性和氧气还原反应（ORR）的稳定性，这表明BI可以改变PD的特性，从而促进增强的催化活性。为了了解高催化活性的起源，进行了电 - 运动和原位光谱研究，提出了机械途径，并评估了催化剂性能和稳定性。这些研究的目的是了解为什么PD-BI金属层是ORR的出色催化剂，以及如何种植具有控制尺寸，形状和组成的有序的金属间纳米颗粒。这些知识促进了这些材料将这些材料集成到先进的燃料电池设备中。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。