Malaysian HABreports: Harmful algal bloom and biotoxin early warning to meet the ODA challenge of providing resilient aquaculture resources in Asia

马来西亚HAB报告：有害藻华和生物毒素预警，以应对官方发展援助挑战，为亚洲提供有弹性的水产养殖资源

• 批准号: BB/T011661/1
• 负责人: Keith Davidson
• 金额: $ 23.49万
• 依托单位: Scottish Association For Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FT011661%2F1
• 关键词: Malaysian; HABreports; Harmful; algal; bloom

Phytoplankton are free-floating plants found in marine and freshwaters that form the base of the aquatic food chain. A subset of the phytoplankton may be harmful to human health or to human use of the ecosystem. The species that cause harm are referred to as 'Harmful Algae' with the term 'Harmful Algal Bloom' (HAB) commonly being used to describe their occurrence and effects.Some HABs can be harmful to humans through their production of biotoxins that are concentrated in the flesh of filter feeding shellfish, leading to a health risk if the shellfish are consumed by humans. Other HABs can kill farmed fish though toxicity, interaction with the gills or anoxia. HAB events of either type can have serious financial consequences for aquaculture.In most locations HABs are natural events with their timing, location, magnitude and toxicity being spatially and temporally variable. Early warning of events can therefore be used to protect health and minimise economic losses.Moreover, HAB events are not random, but a product of their environment. So through a combination of monitoring of the causative species and their toxins, and expert interpretation of these data and other available environmental information, it is possible to produce short term (~ 1-2 week) risk forecasts of HAB location and severity (akin to a weather forecast).In the UK we have since 2015 been operating a weekly HAB and biotoxin alert and forecast system. It operates from the web site www.HABreports.org and contains products that the aquaculture industry can use to better understand the HAB risk in their location and hence take mitigation action to safeguard human health and prevent economic loss. The alerts are based on the synthesis and graphical presentation of multiple data streams including: the abundance of different HAB species, concentrations different of shellfish biotoxins, satellite derived sea surface chlorophyll (an index of overall phytoplankton biomass), sea surface temperature and meteorological information. Historical trends are summarized graphically in map and chart based format, current conditions are presented on a map and through a high/medium/low risk "traffic light" index and expert interpretation is used to produce a forward looking risk assessment.In this proposal we intend to transfer this technology to Malaysia, a DAC country in South East Asia with a significant and growing aquaculture industry related to both finfish and shellfish, and which suffers from HABs though fish kills and episodes of shellfish poisoning. HABs are frequent in Malaysia, with recent events including a fish kill that an estimated to have cost industry $ 2.6 million. In 2013 a paralytic shellfish poisoning outbreak resulted in four deaths and left more than 60 other victims ill after consuming contaminated shellfish. Early warning of HABs in Malaysia will warn regulator and consumers of potential health risks from contaminated shellfish (or sometimes fish) and allow aquaculture businesses to take mitigation measures, e.g., shellfish can be left in situ until toxin depurates, fish cages can be "fenced" using perimeter skirting, fish can be harvested early or transferred to land facilities.In this project UK and Malaysian scientists and fishery regulators will work together to transfer the HAB early warning technology operating in the UK to Malaysia. This will allow us to produce a Malaysian HABreports web site and mobile phone app that includes a traffic light (low, medium, high) index of current risk in different locations and an expert interpretation based forecast of risk for the coming week. Following the project the Malaysian Government will be in a position to continue to produce these risk assessments, providing enhanced ongoing support for the aquaculture industry and public consumers of seafood. Demonstration of our approach will also lead to its potential application elsewhere in the region.

浮游植物是在构成水生食物链基础的海洋和淡水中发现的自由浮动植物。浮游植物的一部分可能对人类健康有害或对生态系统的使用有害。造成伤害的物种被称为“有害藻类”，其中“有害藻华”（HAB）通常被用来描述其发生和效果。某些HAB可能会通过人类产生的生物毒素而有害，这些生物毒素集中在过滤贝类中，如果贝类被贝类消耗了贝类，则可能会导致健康风险。其他HAB可以通过毒性，与g或缺氧相互作用而杀死养殖鱼。两种类型的HAB事件都可能对水产养殖产生严重的财务后果。在大多数位置，HAB是自然事件，其时间，位置，大小和毒性在空间和时间上变化。因此，事件的预警可用于保护健康并最大程度地减少经济损失。此外，HAB事件不是随机的，而是其环境的产物。因此，通过对诱因及其毒素的监测结合，对这些数据和其他可用环境信息的专家解释，可以产生短期（〜1-2周）HAB位置和严重性的风险预测（类似于天气预报）。在英国以来，我们在2015年以来一直在运行每周的HAB和生物毒素警报和预测系统。它通过网站www.habreports.org运营，并包含水产养殖行业可以使用这些产品来更好地了解其位置的HAB风险，因此采取缓解行动来保护人类健康并防止经济损失。警报基于多个数据流的综合和图形表示，包括：不同的HAB物种的丰度，贝类生物毒素不同的浓度，卫星衍生的海面叶绿素（整体浮游植物生物量的指数），海面温度和气象信息。历史趋势以基于地图和图表的格式以图形方式进行总结，当前状况在地图上以及通过高/中/低风险的“交通信号灯”指数列出，专家解释用于产生前瞻性的风险评估。在此提案中，我们打算将这项技术转移到马来西亚，这是马来西亚，这是东南亚的戴克国家，该国的戴克（DAC）是东南亚的一个重要的媒介和媒介，造成了远征和媒介，虽然杀死了媒体，虽然造成了狂热的狂热，虽然却造成了狂热的媒介，但却造成了狂热的狂热，虽然是远足的，虽然却造成了狂热的往来，但却却造成了远足的狂热，却却被赶来了。中毒。哈布斯在马来西亚经常出现，最近的事件包括杀死的一场杀戮，据估计，该行业耗资260万美元。 2013年，一场瘫痪的贝类中毒爆发导致四人死亡，并在食用受污染的贝类后造成了其他60多名受害者。马来西亚对HAB的早期警告将警告监管机构和消费者对受污染的贝类（或有时是鱼）的潜在健康风险，并允许水产养殖业务采取缓解措施，例如，可以将贝类的原位留在原地，直到毒素降低，可以使用远景的钓鱼者和捕捞的渔具来“围起来”。监管机构将共同努力，将在英国运营的HAB预警技术转移到马来西亚。这将使我们能够生产一个马来西亚HABReports网站和手机应用程序，其中包括当前风险的交通信号灯（低，中，高）指数，以及基于下一周风险的专家解释。在该项目之后，马来西亚政府将能够继续进行这些风险评估，从而增强了对水产养殖业和海鲜公共消费者的持续支持。我们的方法的演示也将导致其在该地区其他地方的潜在应用。

项目成果

17

• DOI: 10.7591/9781501728983-026
• 发表时间: 1995-07
• 期刊: The Hatak Witches
• 作者: 강희정;손수연;김소희;정희정

GlobalHAB. Evaluating, Reducing and Mitigating the Cost of Harmful Algal Blooms: A Compendium of Case Studies

全球HAB。

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Davidson K