UK - China Virtual Joint Centre for Improved Nitrogen Agronomy (CINAG)

英中氮肥农学虚拟联合中心 (CINAG)

• 批准号: BB/N013468/1
• 负责人: Tom Misselbrook
• 金额: $ 310.71万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN013468%2F1
• 关键词: UK; China; Virtual; Joint; Centre

UK-China Virtual Joint Centre for Improved Nitrogen Agronomy (CINAG)Despite making great progress, China still needs to increase agricultural production to feed its growing population with its increasing expectations while overcoming the considerable environmental problems that industrial and agricultural development has brought with it such as air and water pollution and soil acidification. Currently the three main cereal crops (wheat, maize and rice) use only 33% of the nitrogen fertiliser applied, and less than 40% of the nutrients in recyclable organic 'wastes' such as livestock manure are returned to agriculture. China Agricultural University (CAU), the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) have developed innovative and successful ways of working with farmers to improve the situation, increasing yields of winter wheat and summer maize by 35% and reducing nitrogen fertiliser use by 20%. However, the Chinese Government has set the goal of increasing yields with zero increases in chemical inputs by the year 2020.Rothamsted Research and its partners in this proposal, the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) and Bangor University (BU), have worked with CAU, CAAS and CAS for over 10 years, producing research into agriculture and the environment that has been published in the very best journals such as 'Nature' and 'Science' but also used by Chinese farmers through such mechanisms as a Chinese fertiliser recommendations system and farmer field schools. We propose to increase our UK-China collaborative research through a Virtual Joint Centre in Nitrogen Agronomy that would:1. Carry out joint research projects, in particular using novel 'Farm Platforms' that will allow us to develop economically and environmentally sustainable farm systems through research at the farm level.2. Exchange staff and students for laboratory and field work, with a strong focus on UK-to-China movements and for periods of 1-3 months, e.g. summer student visits from the UK to China to work on the new CAU Cropping Farm Platform.3. Hold joint conferences and meetings, with public participation.4. Share data management, publications and practical work with farmers in China and the UK.We will develop novel metagenomic-based indicators of N use efficiency and soil quality, use these indicators, and other emerging knowledge, to test and develop farm systems that permit the sustainable intensification of (especially Chinese) agriculture, and take these developments to Chinese farmers. We will achieve this through four Work Packages: improved fundamental understanding of N cycling; harnessing novel N technologies; improved agronomic practices; predictive capacity and knowledge exchangeThe Centre will build on previous collaborations such as China Partnering Awards and joint projects between the partners such as 'Sino-United Kingdom Low Carbon Agriculture' project (Grant FCO-C02/62.1001), 2008-2011, funded jointly by the UK FCO and the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture and an existing VJC with CAAS: The 'Centre for the Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture' (CSIA) and closely link to similar international initiatives such as EU 'N Expert Panel', utilising the Panel's approaches for expressing NUE at (1) the farm level and (2) through the food chain in order to compare systems and regions and as a stimulus to use N more efficiently. The Centre will translate its research into practice in China through the existing and very 'Science and Technology Backyard (STB)' programme, managed by our partners at CAU, CAAS and the Hebei Institute of Agricultural Sciences, and linked to Chinese local government extension agencies, fertiliser companies and farmers.

中英氮肥农学虚拟联合中心（CINAG）尽管取得了巨大进步，但中国仍然需要增加农业产量来满足不断增长的人口的需求，同时克服工农业发展带来的严重环境问题，例如：如空气和水污染以及土壤酸化。目前，三种主要谷类作物（小麦、玉米和水稻）仅使用了所施氮肥的 33%，而牲畜粪便等可回收有机“废物”中的养分只有不到 40% 返回农业。中国农业大学 (CAU)、中国农业科学院 (CAAS) 和中国科学院 (CAS) 与农民合作开发了创新且成功的方法来改善这一状况，将冬小麦和夏玉米的产量提高了 35% %，氮肥用量减少20%。然而，中国政府设定了到 2020 年在化学品投入零增加的情况下提高产量的目标。洛桑研究中心及其该提案的合作伙伴生态与水文中心 (CEH) 和班戈大学 (BU) 共同努力与中国农业大学、中国农业科学院和中国科学院合作超过 10 年，在农业和环境方面的研究成果发表在《自然》和《科学》等最好的期刊上，同时也被中国农民通过中国肥料推荐系统和农民田间学校等机制。我们建议通过氮农学虚拟联合中心加强英中合作研究，该中心将：1。开展联合研究项目，特别是使用新颖的“农场平台”，这将使我们能够通过农场层面的研究开发经济和环境上可持续的农场系统。2。交换教职员工和学生进行实验室和实地工作，重点关注英国到中国的流动，为期 1-3 个月，例如英国暑期学生访问中国，在新的农大种植农场平台上工作。3．召开联席会议，公众参与。4．与中国和英国的农民共享数据管理、出版物和实际工作。我们将开发基于宏基因组的新型氮利用效率和土壤质量指标，利用这些指标和其他新兴知识来测试和开发允许（特别是中国）农业的可持续集约化，并将这些发展带给中国农民。我们将通过四个工作包来实现这一目标： 提高对 N 循环的基本理解；利用新颖的 N 技术；改进农艺做法；预测能力和知识交流该中心将建立在以前的合作基础上，例如中国合作奖和合作伙伴之间的联合项目，例如“中英低碳农业”项目（Grant FCO-C02/62.1001），2008-2011年，由以下机构共同资助英国外交部和中国农业部以及中国农业科学院现有的 VJC：“农业可持续集约化中心”(CSIA)，并与类似机构密切联系国际倡议，例如欧盟“氮专家小组”，利用该小组的方法在（1）农场层面和（2）通过食物链表达氮肥利用效率，以便比较系统和区域并作为更有效地利用氮的激励措施。该中心将通过现有的“科技后院（STB）”计划将其研究成果转化为中国的实践，该计划由我们在中国农业大学、中国农业科学院和河北农业科学院的合作伙伴管理，并与中国地方政府推广机构联系、化肥公司和农民。

项目成果

China's pig relocation in balance

中国生猪转移平衡

• DOI: http://dx.10.1038/s41893-019-0391-2
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Nature Sustainability
• 影响因子: 27.6
• 作者: Bai Z

Livestock Housing and Manure Storage Need to Be Improved in China.

中国的牲畜饲养和粪便储存需要改善。

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02672
• 发表时间: 2017-07-21
• 期刊: Environmental science & technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Z. Bai;Xiaoxin Li;Jie Lu;Xuan Wang;G. Velthof;D. Chadwick;Jiafa Luo;S. Ledgard;Zhiguo Wu;Shuqin Jin;O. Oenema;Lin Ma;Chunsheng Hu
• 通讯作者: Chunsheng Hu

The environmental costs and benefits of high-yield farming

高产农业的环境成本和效益

• DOI: 10.1038/s41893-018-0138-5
• 发表时间: 2018-09-01
• 期刊: Nature Sustainability
• 影响因子: 27.6
• 作者: A. Balmford;Tatsuya Amano;H. Bartlett;D. Chadwick;A. Collins;D. Edwards;R. Field;P. Garnsworthy
• 通讯作者: P. Garnsworthy

A critical review of the impacts of cover crops on nitrogen leaching, net greenhouse gas balance and crop productivity

严格审查覆盖作物对氮淋滤、净温室气体平衡和作物生产力的影响

• DOI: http://dx.10.1111/gcb.14644
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Global Change Biology
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Abdalla M

Critical review of the impacts of grazing intensity on soil organic carbon storage and other soil quality indicators in extensively managed grasslands

粗放经营草地放牧强度对土壤有机碳储量和其他土壤质量指标影响的批判性回顾

• DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.023
• 发表时间: 2018-02-01
• 期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
• 作者: Mohamed Abdalla;A. Hastings;David R. Chadwick;Davey L. Jones;Chris D. Evans;Michael B. Jones;Robe
• 通讯作者: Robe