Novel Molecular Approaches for Advancing Prediction and Mitigation of Disease Outbreaks in Aquaculture for Small Scale Farmers

促进小规模养殖户水产养殖疾病暴发预测和缓解的新型分子方法

基本信息

批准号：
BB/N00504X/1
负责人：
Charles Tyler
金额：
$ 180.88万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN00504X%2F1
关键词：
Novel Molecular Approaches Advancing Prediction

项目摘要

Aquaculture contributes significantly to global food security and poverty reduction. In Bangladesh and India shrimp culture sustains the livelihoods of hundreds of thousand of poor people. Finfish culture too is fundamental to the lives of small scale farmers in India and in developing countries around the world, including Bangladesh and Malawi. Disease is the biggest single factor limiting growth in aquaculture (with associated annual losses estimated at >$6bn globally) and combating disease is critical for both the protection of the livelihoods of small scale farmers and for achieving national /global targets for aquaculture growth in support of poverty alleviation.The proposal will develop and apply of modern molecular methods for use as early warning tools for the avoidance of disease outbreaks in low income food deficit countries. Our central theme is the alignment of the efforts of farmers, Aquatic Health Professionals, researchers and national Competent Authorities to help avert disease outbreaks. Disease and health status of host organisms is not determined by individual pathogens alone, but by a combination of local abiotic and biotic factors including the environmental microbiome, pathogen assemblages, and pathogen loads in host tissues. We will apply and develop molecular biology methods to identify pond microbiome conditions and biological indicators ('biomarkers') associated with health status and disease outbreaks in key crop species (shrimp and finfish) in aquaculture ponds in India, Bangladesh and Malawi. We will identify pond microbiomes that signal for an impending disease outbreak. We will furthermore determine how the microbiome relates to a variety of pond variables, including the use of probiotic treatments currently used by farmers to improve crop health and increase yield. Models will then be developed using these data and applied to predict the drivers of disease outbreaks. We will use this information to develop simple but accurate molecular assays for use by farmers on individually-owned farms, enabling them to pre-empt and avoid the impacts of disease events by intervention methods triggered by monitoring carried out on-site. Development of an inexpensive but accurate early-warning measurement of pond/crop health status will demonstrate proof-of-concept for a set of tools/methods that can be applied more widely and further developed by industry investment. We will engage and train farmers in accurate disease diagnostics and in the importance of managing the microbial-molecular aspect of pond aquaculture and host health, and establish communication and training networks that will disseminate the outputs of the project to other farmers, communities, and research centres working with them, with an emphasis on engaging women. Communication conduits will include Mobile APPs, focused local workshops, information videos, social media and a designated project website. We will assess the impacts of our project for small scale farmers on disease mitigation and crop enhancements adopting DFID's Livelihood Framework for assessing the impacts of agricultural technologies in developing countries. Our proposal addresses the GRP Aquaculture Call priority areas of Healthy and nutritious aquaculture, seeking to understand, manage and mitigate for some of the most important diseases in aquaculture, in turn increasing productivity for the health and well being of poor small scale farmers. Our proposal is also relevant to the GRP priority area of resilient aquaculture as the ability to predict disease outbreaks will allow for harvesting at an earlier time point before disease onset and/or other interventions to prevent crop loss for small scale farmers. The project proposed furthermore is relevant to the strategic research priorities of various national Research Council and government initiatives relating to food security and poverty alleviation.

水产养殖对全球粮食安全和减贫做出了重大贡献。在孟加拉国和印度，虾类养殖维持着数十万贫困人口的生计。有鳍鱼类养殖对于印度以及包括孟加拉国和马拉维在内的世界发展中国家的小规模养殖户的生活也至关重要。疾病是限制水产养殖增长的最大单一因素（全球每年相关损失估计超过 60 亿美元），抗击疾病对于保护小规模养殖户的生计以及实现支持水产养殖增长的国家/全球目标至关重要该提案将开发和应用现代分子方法，作为早期预警工具，以避免低收入粮食短缺国家疾病暴发。我们的中心主题是农民、水生卫生专业人员、研究人员和国家主管当局的共同努力，帮助避免疾病爆发。宿主生物体的疾病和健康状态不仅仅由单个病原体决定，而是由局部非生物和生物因素的组合决定，包括环境微生物组、病原体组合和宿主组织中的病原体负荷。我们将应用和开发分子生物学方法来识别与印度、孟加拉国和马拉维水产养殖池塘中关键作物物种（虾和有鳍鱼类）的健康状况和疾病爆发相关的池塘微生物组条件和生物指标（“生物标志物”）。我们将识别预示疾病即将爆发的池塘微生物组。我们还将进一步确定微生物组与各种池塘变量的关系，包括农民目前使用的益生菌治疗方法，以改善作物健康并提高产量。然后将使用这些数据开发模型并应用于预测疾病爆发的驱动因素。我们将利用这些信息开发简单但准确的分子检测方法，供个体农场的农民使用，使他们能够通过现场监测触发的干预方法来预防和避免疾病事件的影响。开发一种廉价但准确的池塘/作物健康状况预警测量方法将证明一套工具/方法的概念验证，这些工具/方法可以通过行业投资更广泛地应用和进一步开发。我们将让农民参与并培训他们进行准确的疾病诊断以及管理池塘水产养殖和寄主健康的微生物分子方面的重要性，并建立沟通和培训网络，将项目的成果传播给其他农民、社区和研究机构中心与她们合作，重点是让妇女参与。沟通渠道将包括移动应用程序、重点本地研讨会、信息视频、社交媒体和指定的项目网站。我们将采用英国国际发展部的生计框架来评估我们的项目对小规模农民的疾病缓解和作物改良的影响，以评估农业技术对发展中国家的影响。我们的提案涉及 GRP 水产养殖呼吁的健康和营养水产养殖优先领域，寻求了解、管理和减轻水产养殖中一些最重要的疾病，从而提高生产力，促进贫困小规模养殖户的健康和福祉。我们的建议也与弹性水产养殖的 GRP 优先领域相关，因为预测疾病爆发的能力将允许在疾病发作之前更早的时间点进行收获和/或采取其他干预措施以防止小规模养殖户作物损失。此外，拟议的项目还与各个国家研究委员会的战略研究重点以及与粮食安全和扶贫有关的政府举措相关。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Understanding the economic and farming practices driving species selection in aquaculture within the Mymensingh division of Bangladesh

了解孟加拉国迈门辛省水产养殖物种选择的经济和农业实践

DOI：
http://dx.10.1007/s10499-021-00818-y
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Aquaculture International
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Heal R
通讯作者：
Heal R

Correction: Alathari et al. A Multiplexed, Tiled PCR Method for Rapid Whole-Genome Sequencing of Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV) in Tilapia. Viruses 2023, 15, 965.

更正：Alatari 等人。

DOI：
http://dx.10.3390/v15071476
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Viruses
影响因子：
0
作者：
Alathari S
通讯作者：
Alathari S

The Pathobiome in Animal and Plant Diseases.

动植物疾病的病原体组。

DOI：
http://dx.10.1016/j.tree.2019.07.012
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Trends in ecology & evolution
影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Bass D
通讯作者：
Bass D

The Pathobiome - a perspective on animal and plant health.

病原体组 - 对动植物健康的看法。

DOI：
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
TREE
影响因子：
0
作者：
BASS D
通讯作者：
BASS D

Metagenomic assessment of the diversity and ubiquity of antimicrobial resistance genes in Bangladeshi aquaculture ponds

孟加拉国水产养殖池塘抗菌素耐药性基因多样性和普遍性的宏基因组评估

DOI：
10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101462
发表时间：
2023-04-01
期刊：
Aquaculture Reports
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ashley G. Bell;K. Thornber;Dominique L. Chaput;N. A. Hasan;Md. Mehedi Alam;M. M. Haque;John W. Cable
通讯作者：
John W. Cable