SOCIAL DOMINANCE, GENDER, AND CARDIOVASCULAR REACTIVITY

社会支配地位、性别和心血管反应

• 批准号: 2910647
• 负责人: TAMARA L. NEWTON
• 金额: $ 9.21万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-01 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2910647
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; cardiovascular disorder epidemiology; cardiovascular function; clinical research; dyadic interaction; gender difference; human subject; psychological stressor; racial /ethnic difference; social dominance; social model; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION: Social dominance, the tendency to exercise social influence and control, has been positively associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk among males, independent of biomedical risk factors and hostility. Exposure to dominant others behaviors also has been associated with elevated CHD risk. For females, submissiveness and a constellation of psychosocial behaviors opposite to urgency and competitiveness have been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present project aims to examine biopsychosocial processes that might contribute to these associations. The three proposed studies are designed to test a social-contextual model of dominance and cardiovascular stress reactivity (CVR) that synthesizes and elaborates earlier models in order to account for (1) cardiovascular consequences of exposure to dominant others and (2) differences in dominant men's and women's cardiovascular responses to social interactions. Because of the disproportionately high rates of CVD among black Americans, both black and white men and women will be included in the proposed studies. Using a laboratory social interaction paradigm, study 1 will refine and validate a coding system designed to assess dominant and hostile behaviors during dyadic social interaction. Study 2 will examine two factors proposed to account for differences in dominant men's and women's cardiovascular responses to social interaction: (1) explicit role demands regarding dominance expression (i.e., the degree to which situations provide clear and salient cues regarding expected and acceptable behavior) and (2) gender composition of the dyad (i.e., same sex versus opposite sex). These two factors will be manipulated independently while unacquainted, healthy young adult men and women participate in task-oriented dyadic discussions designed to activate motives to influence; cardiovascular responses will be measured during the discussions and preceding rests. Study 3, a secondary analysis of data collected in study 2, will examine associations between CVR and exposure to others' dominance. The aforementioned behavioral coding system will be used to assess behavioral dominance observed in study 2 and path analytic techniques will be used to model associations among CVR, one's own and one's partner's trait and behavioral dominance, gender, and situational factors. These studies extend a growing literature concerning the central role of social relationships in health and illness and they test a theoretical model that addresses why social relationships and interpersonally-oriented person variables such as dominance may have differing consequences for the physical well-being of men and women.

描述：社会支配力，施加社会影响力的倾向 和控制，与冠心病呈正相关 （CHD）男性风险，独立于生物医学风险因素和 敌意。 暴露于主导他人的行为也与此相关 冠心病风险升高。 对于女性来说，顺从和星座 与紧迫感和竞争性相反的心理社会行为 与心血管疾病（CVD）风险增加有关。 这 目前的项目旨在研究可能的生物心理社会过程 为这些协会做出贡献。 这三项拟议研究的设计 测试支配地位和心血管压力的社会背景模型 反应性（CVR），综合和阐述早期模型，以便 解释（1）暴露于主导他人的心血管后果 (2) 男性和女性心血管反应的主要差异 到社交互动。 由于 CVD 发生率不成比例地高 在美国黑人中，黑人和白人男性和女性都将被包括在内 在拟议的研究中。 使用实验室社交互动范式，研究 1 将改进并 验证旨在评估主导行为和敌对行为的编码系统 在二元社交互动过程中。 研究 2 将检验提出的两个因素 解释男性和女性心血管疾病的主要差异 对社交互动的反应：（1）明确的角色要求 支配性表达（即情况提供清晰和明确的程度） 关于预期和可接受的行为的显着线索）和（2）性别 二元组的组成（即同性与异性）。 这两个 当不熟悉的健康年轻人时，因素将被独立操纵 成年男性和女性参与设计的以任务为导向的二元讨论 激发影响力的动机；将测量心血管反应 在讨论和之前的休息期间。 研究3，二次分析 研究 2 中收集的数据将检查 CVR 和 暴露于他人的支配之下。 上述行为编码系统 将用于评估研究 2 和路径中观察到的行为优势 分析技术将用于对 CVR、自己的 以及伴侣的特质和行为优势、性别和情境 因素。 这些研究扩展了越来越多关于中央的文献 社会关系在健康和疾病中的作用，他们测试了 理论模型解决了为什么社会关系和 以人际为导向的个人变量，例如支配地位可能具有 对男性和女性的身体健康产生不同的影响。