The role of endophytes in affecting symptom development of European apple canker caused by Neonectria ditissima

内生菌在影响新菌引起的欧洲苹果溃疡病症状发展中的作用

• 批准号: BB/P007899/1
• 负责人: Xiangming Xu
• 金额: $ 39.62万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Agricultural Botany
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FP007899%2F1
• 关键词: role; endophytes; affecting; symptom; development

European Canker, caused by Neonectria ditissima, has become the most damaging disease of apple in recent years across all major apple growing regions worldwide. Modern cultivars lack resistance to this pathogen and in Europe most effective methods of chemical control are no longer available. Cultivars differ in their susceptibility but there is no absolute resistance. We obtained preliminary data that indicate a possible link of antagonist fungal endophytes with cultivar tolerance to N. ditissima. The most damaging aspect of the disease is from latent infections in nurseries that become active and develop into canker on the main trunk soon after planting in orchards - leading to tree death. Ample empirical evidence suggests that stresses following planting can promote symptom expression of those nursery-origin latent infections. In this proposal, we aim to investigate whether cultivar differences in tolerance to N. ditissima are associated with specific endophytes and, if so, identify the organism(s) for further biocontrol assay. Expression of specific genes in the SA and JA pathways will be assayed following inoculation of candidate endophytes to ascertain whether endophytes induce host defence responses that may contribute to canker suppression. Next, we will use a mapping population from a cross between canker resistant and susceptible cultivars to map QTLs that are responsible for recruiting specific endophytes and to determine the extent of overlapping of these QTLs with those mapped for canker resistance. Then, we shall study the extent to which endophyte profiles of a specific genotype are affected by individual or combined soil water deficit, AMF and PGPR treatments. Finally, we shall conduct a common garden experiment to assess (1) to what extent recruitment of endophyte profiles is influenced by soil characteristics, soil microbiota, and host genotypes, and (2) whether canker development is influenced by specific endophytes and plant defence signalling in response to biotic and abiotic factors (represented by different sites). Plant hormone response is measured in terms of specific hormones - JA, SA and ABA; endophyte composition will be characterised by next generation sequencing technology. The output of this work will not only lead to a deeper understanding of the biology and epidemiology of the disease, but also develop tools and knowledge for practical disease management, which can be efficiently adopted by the industry due to their active involvement in the project.The industry is supporting this proposal through the LINK scheme, as they recognise the need for a comprehensive strategy to manage the canker disease. Six industry partners will provide both cash and in-kind contribution to this proposal.

由Neonectria ditissima引起的欧洲溃疡病已成为近年来在全球所有苹果主要生长地区的苹果疾病最具破坏性的疾病。现代品种对这种病原体缺乏抵抗力，在欧洲，最有效的化学控制方法不再可用。品种的敏感性有所不同，但没有绝对抗性。我们获得了初步数据，该数据表明拮抗剂真菌内生菌具有与二硫西氏菌的品种耐受性的联系。该疾病的最具破坏性方面来自托儿所中的潜在感染，这些感染在果园种植后不久就变得活跃并在主要树干上发展成溃疡，导致树死亡。充足的经验证据表明，种植后的压力可以促进那些苗圃 - 原始潜伏感染的症状表达。在此提案中，我们旨在调查对Ditissima的耐受性的品种差异是否与特定的内生菌有关，如果是的，则确定生物体生物控制测定法的生物。在接种候选内生菌的接种后，将测定SA和JA途径中特定基因的表达，以确定内生菌是否诱导可能有助于canker抑制的宿主防御反应。接下来，我们将使用从抗溃疡和易感品种之间的十字架的映射种群来映射负责募集特定内生菌的QTL，并确定这些QTL与映射的canker耐药性的重叠程度。然后，我们将研究特定基因型的内生菌谱受到个性或联合土壤缺水，AMF和PGPR处理的影响。最后，我们将进行一项常见的园艺实验，以评估（1）在多大程度上募集内生菌谱的募集受土壤特征，土壤菌群和宿主基因型的影响，以及（2）（2）是否受到特定的内生植物和植物防御信号的影响，对生物和非生物因子的响应（由不同位置代表）。根据特定激素-JA，SA和ABA测量植物激素反应；内生菌组成将以下一代测序技术为特征。这项工作的输出不仅会导致对疾病的生物学和流行病学的更深入的了解，而且还将为实践疾病管理开发工具和知识，该行业可以有效地采用该行业，因为它们积极参与了该项目。六个行业合作伙伴将为此提案提供现金和实物贡献。

项目成果

Apple endophyte community in relation to location, scion and rootstock genotypes and susceptibility to European canker.

• DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab131
• 发表时间: 2021-10-07
• 期刊: FEMS microbiology ecology
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Olivieri L;Saville RJ;Gange AC;Xu X
• 通讯作者: Xu X

Quantitative trait loci associated with apple endophytes during pathogen infection.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1054914
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Frontiers in plant science
• 影响因子: 5.6

From Endophyte Community Analysis to Field Application: Control of Apple Canker (Neonectria ditissima) with Epicoccum nigrum B14-1

• DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13040809
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Agriculture
• 作者: Matevz Papp-Rupar;L. Olivieri;R. Saville;T. Passey;Jennifer Kingsnorth;Georgina Fagg;Hamish McLean;Xiangming Xu

Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit

果树病虫害综合防治

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Xu X

Relative contribution of season, site, scion and rootstock genotype, and susceptibility to European canker to the variability in bacterial and fungal communities in apple leaf scar tissues

季节、地点、接穗和砧木基因型以及对欧洲溃疡病的易感性对苹果叶疤痕组织中细菌和真菌群落变异的相对贡献

• DOI: 10.1111/aab.12865
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Annals of Applied Biology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Papp-Rupar M