SPEECH AERODYNAMICS--REGULATION/CONTROL IN CLEFT PALATE

言语空气动力学——腭裂的调节/控制

• 批准号: 3220652
• 负责人: DONALD W WARREN
• 金额: $ 12.14万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 1989-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3220652
• 关键词: cleft palate; human subject; plethysmography; respiratory airflow disorder; respiratory airflow measurement; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; speech; speech disorder diagnosis; verbal behavior

Palatal incompetency appears to stimulate compensatory behaviors which tend to undermine rather than enhance speech performance. Recent studies in our laboratory suggest that these behaviors may be attempts to satisfy the requirements of a pressure regulating system. The objective of this research is to determine whether the compensatory responses associated with cleft palate are strategies devised to regulate speech pressures and control airflow and airway resistance. The purpose of a regulating system is to maintain a parameters constancy. The control process is the means by which this is accomplished. We propose that control of structural movements (resulting upper airway resistance) and airflow is necessary for regulation of speech pressures. Study of a regulating system involves experiments which identify and describe mechanisms of control. The use of subjects with different degrees of palatal incompetency will allow us to assess how the system is managed when an error is introduced. The pressure-flow technique, developed in our laboratory, will be used to measure respiratory parameters associated with speech and assess structural responses. The following questions will be addressed: I. Are intraoral speech pressures maintained at appropriate magnitudes across subjects and conditions of velopharyngeal competency? II. Does the significant increase in volume rate of airflow and effort in cleft palate speech correlate with the maintenance of pressure for consonant productions? III. Do the structures of the oral and nasal cavities interact in a complementary fashion that maintains pressure and controls airflow? IV. Are upper airway resistances controlled during speech in a manner characteristic of a pressure regulating system? and V. Are changes in timing patterns associated with velopharyngeal incompetency consistent with the characteristics of a regulating mechanism? If we determine that attempts to achieve an aerodynamic constancy result in compensatory responses, then new explanations for cleft palate speech should follow and new approaches to treatment would be possible.

腭功能不全似乎会刺激代偿行为，从而导致 破坏而不是增强演讲表现。 我们最近的研究 实验室认为这些行为可能是为了满足 压力调节系统的要求。 本研究的目的是确定补偿是否 与腭裂相关的反应是旨在调节的策略 言语压力并控制气流和气道阻力。 目的 调节系统的目的是保持参数恒定。 控制 过程是实现这一目标的手段。 我们建议 控制结构运动（导致上呼吸道阻力）和 气流对于调节言语压力是必要的。 研究一个 调节系统涉及识别和描述的实验 控制机制。 使用不同程度的科目 腭功能不全将使我们能够评估该系统在以下情况下是如何管理的： 引入了一个错误。 我们实验室开发的压力流技术将用于 测量与言语相关的呼吸参数并评估结构 回应。 将解决以下问题： I. 口内言语压力是否保持在适当的大小 跨学科和条件的腭咽功能？ 二.气流体积率和努力是否显着增加 腭裂言语与压力维持相关 辅音制作？ 三．口腔和鼻腔的结构是否相互作用 保持压力和控制气流的互补时尚？ 四．言语过程中上呼吸道阻力是否以某种方式受到控制 压力调节系统的特点？和 V. 时间模式的变化与腭咽相关吗 无能符合调节机制的特点吗？ 如果我们确定尝试实现空气动力恒定性会导致 补偿性反应，然后是腭裂言语的新解释 应该遵循，新的治疗方法将成为可能。