14CONFAP: Implications of enhanced ecological intensification and resilience for smallholder farming in the eastern Amazonia region

14CONFAP：增强生态集约化和恢复力对亚马逊东部地区小农农业的影响

• 批准号: BB/M02914X/1
• 负责人: Sacha Mooney
• 金额: $ 6.26万
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM02914X%2F1
• 关键词: 14CONFAP; Implications; enhanced; ecological; intensification

The former 'arc of deforestation' of peripheral Amazonia is dominated by extensive pastures and slash-and-burn shifting cultivation. These land management interventions have resulted in severe environmental degradation, restricted agricultural productivity and caused rural poverty. As populations continue to rise, there is a clear need for a more ecologically sustainable intensification of smallholder agriculture with high eco-efficiency and low external inputs. This project aims to create a new research partnership to tackle biodiversity and ecosystems resilience and assess the impacts of ecological intensification (more productive, reduced input sustainable systems) on smallholder farming at the eastern fringe of Amazonia. We will focus on four key priority areas namely: i) landscape ecology; ii) soil carbon and nutrient management; iii) global change biology and iv) conservation and biodiversity. i) Landscape ecology: Ecological intensification of agriculture requires an appreciation of how ecosystem processes at the landscape-scale can be integrated with existing smallholder farming systems, priorities and constraints. Key questions that need to be addressed include: 1) how should forests be managed to deliver optimal livelihood and environmental benefits? and 2) how can we ensure that forest management at the interface with neighbouring farming systems is sustainable and not over-exploited by farming communities?ii) Carbon and nutrientsTraditional smallholder farming relies on low input strategies and future efforts must strive to increase resilience to minimize external risks. Sustainable low-input agriculture is difficult to achieve in the humid tropics, due to a combination of factors that reduce nutrient-efficiencies of crops. Key questions to be considered include: 1) how does smallholder land management impact on soil quality and 2) how can soils best be restored?iii) Global change biology Global changes at field, regional and global scales are transforming agriculture and socio-economics and we urgently require a better understanding of the processes and patterns involved. The key questions to be addressed here are: 1) to what extent can crop management mitigate against environment change-related stresses such as droughts, flooding? and 2) what is the short- and long-term effect of salinity intrusions into freshwater wetlands?iv) Conservation and use of biodiversityBiodiversity is essential to the sustainable management of ecosystems. Key questions to include: 1) how might forest wastes benefit farming systems; and 4) how does biodiversity provide more resilience to agricultural landscapes to cope with extreme events?

前周围亚马逊的“森林砍伐弧”以广泛的牧场和砍伐燃烧的耕种为主。这些土地管理干预措施导致了严重的环境退化，限制农业生产力并导致农村贫困。随着人口的不断增长，显然需要对高生态效率和低外部投入的小农业农业进行更生态可持续的强化。该项目旨在建立一种新的研究伙伴关系，以解决生物多样性和生态系统的弹性，并评估生态强化（更有生产力，更低的投入可持续系统）对亚马逊东部边缘的小型持有人农业的影响。我们将专注于四个关键优先领域：i）景观生态； ii）土壤碳和养分管理； iii）全球变化生物学和IV）保护和生物多样性。 i）景观生态学：农业的生态强化需要对如何将景观规模的生态系统过程与现有的小型农业养殖系统，优先级和约束结合在一起。需要解决的关键问题包括：1）应该如何设法森林带来最佳的生计和环境利益？ 2）我们如何确保与邻近农业系统的界面上的森林管理是可持续的，并且不会被农业社区所用的过度开发？由于降低农作物的营养效率的一系列因素，因此在潮湿的热带地区难以实现可持续的低输入农业。要考虑的关键问题包括：1）小农户土地管理如何影响土壤质量； 2）如何最好地恢复土壤？iii）全球变化生物学在现场，区域和全球规模的全球变化正在改变农业和社会经济，而我们迫切需要对所涉及过程和模式有更好的了解。这里要解决的关键问题是：1）农作物管理可以在多大程度上减轻与环境变化相关的压力，例如干旱，洪水？ 2）盐度侵入淡水湿地的短期和长期影响是什么？要包括的关键问题：1）森林废物如何使农业系统受益； 4）生物多样性如何为应对极端事件的农业景观提供更多的弹性？