Plant Biomass Biorefinery Network (PBBNet)

植物生物质生物精炼网络 (PBBNet)

基本信息

批准号：
BB/L013738/1
负责人：
Simon McQueen-Mason
金额：
$ 233.99万
依托单位：
University of York
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FL013738%2F1
关键词：
Plant Biomass Biorefinery Network PBBNet

项目摘要

Petroleum is a fossil carbon resource used to produce most of the transportation fuels and large proportions of bulk chemicals and materials we have come to depend on, but reserves of this resource are in decline. At the same time, concerns over the impact of human activity on global warming and climate change are driving international commitments to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon doixide produced from burning fossil fuels. This has encouraged a move towards biofuels and biorenewable chemicals derived from plants. Such biorenewables have the advantage that they are produced continually by crops and hence area a renewable resource. In addition, these products emit far less carbon dioxide on a net basis because that released from their use is balanced by having been fixed from the atmosphere to produce the biomass in the first instance. Currently, biofuels and biorenewable chemicals are produced mostly from plant sugar, starch and oil, and the problem with this is that it imposes added strain to world food security and pushes up food prices. The most immediately available alternative is to make biofuels and chemicals from the woody parts of crops that are not used for food such as straw from cereal crops. These woody materials are mostly made of polysaccharides (sugar polymers) that can be converted into simple sugars for fermentation to produce fuels and chemicals. Whilst the potential of producing fuels and chemicals in this way is well understood, the practicality of doing it is challenging. This is because the costs of converting woody materials into simple sugars and other chemicals is too expensive to make the resulting products cost-effective. Producing cost effective and sustainable biofuels and chemicals from woody biomass is a new industrial challenge that can only be met by bringing wide-ranging scientific disciplines together with companies from the commercial sector with ambitions in this domain. In order to bring down processing costs we need to develop innovative new approaches to bioprocessing, which incorporate understanding and innovation across the supply chain from crop production and harvesting through processing to final products. The aim of the Plant Biomass Biorefinery Network is establish a community of researchers from the academic and commercial sectors to identify the major system-wide challenges to establishing a modern fuel and chemicals industry based on plant biomass. This network will help establish integrated cross-disciplinary teams to tackle the big challenges to realising the vision of s sustainable and competitive bio-based economy. As well as providing an active community of interested participants, the network proposes to provide a range of competitive funding opportunities to help kick-start new major research projects and to attract new researchers into this area of research. We also plan to establish the UK as the international partner of choice in the area of biomass-derived fuels and chemicals. This will be achieved by establishing an excellent science base and providing encouragement and funding to UK scientists to establish competitive international collaborations. The network will also work closely with environmental scientists to ensure that environmental concerns are at the heart of approaches we take, and with policy makers from government departments to harmonise our aims and activities with government policy and public interests.

石油是一种化石碳资源，用于生产大多数运输燃料，我们依赖于大量的散装化学物质和材料，但是该资源的储量正在下降。同时，人们对人类活动对全球变暖和气候变化的影响的关注正在推动国际承诺，以减少温室气体的排放，尤其是燃烧化石燃料产生的碳糖果。这鼓励了向植物衍生的生物燃料和可生物生物的化学物质的转变。这样的生物制剂的优势是，它们是由农作物不断生产的，因此是可再生资源。此外，这些产品在净的基础上发出的二氧化碳少得多，因为从其使用中释放的二氧化碳是通过从大气中固定来产生生物质的。目前，生物燃料和可生物生物化学物质主要由植物糖，淀粉和石油生产，其问题是，它给世界粮食安全带来了增加的压力，并提高了粮食价格。最立即可用的替代方法是从农作物的木质部分制造生物燃料和化学物质，这些木材和化学物质不用于食物，例如谷物农作物的稻草。这些木质材料主要由多糖（糖聚合物）制成，可以将其转化为简单的糖以发酵以生产燃料和化学物质。尽管以这种方式生产燃料和化学物质的潜力是充分理解的，但这样做的实用性是具有挑战性的。这是因为将木质材料转换为简单糖和其他化学物质的成本太昂贵，无法使产生的产品具有成本效益。从木质生物量产生具有成本效益和可持续的生物燃料和化学物质是一项新的工业挑战，只能通过将广泛的科学学科与商业部门的公司一起带入该领域的野心来应对。为了降低加工成本，我们需要开发创新的新方法来进行生物处理，从而结合了从作物生产和收获到加工到最终产品的供应链中的理解和创新。植物生物量生物融资网络的目的是建立一个从学术和商业部门组成的研究人员社区，以确定建立基于植物生物量的现代燃料和化学工业的主要范围挑战。该网络将有助于建立综合的跨学科团队，以应对实现可持续和竞争性生物经济的愿景所面临的重大挑战。除了提供一个积极的有兴趣参与者的社区，该网络还建议提供一系列竞争资金的机会，以帮助启动新的主要研究项目，并吸引新的研究人员进入这一研究领域。我们还计划在生物质衍生的燃料和化学品领域建立英国作为首选的国际合作伙伴。这将通过建立出色的科学基础，并向英国科学家提供鼓励和资金来建立竞争激烈的国际合作来实现这一目标。该网络还将与环境科学家紧密合作，以确保环境问题是我们采取的方法的核心，以及政府部门的政策制定者将我们的目标和活动与政府的政策和公共利益协调。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Electroactive Silk Fibroin Films for Electrochemically Enhanced Delivery of Drugs

DOI：
10.1002/mame.202000130
发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Seyed T. Mousavi;G. Harper;S. Municoy;Mark D. Ashton;David Townsend;G. Alsharif;V. Oikonomou
通讯作者：
Seyed T. Mousavi;G. Harper;S. Municoy;Mark D. Ashton;David Townsend;G. Alsharif;V. Oikonomou

Potential for Chemistry in Multidisciplinary, Interdisciplinary, and Transdisciplinary Teaching Activities in Higher Education