Regulation of plant phospholipid biosynthesis

植物磷脂生物合成的调控

• 批准号: BB/G009724/2
• 负责人: Peter Eastmond
• 金额: $ 17.85万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FG009724%2F2
• 关键词: Regulation; plant; phospholipid; biosynthesis

Phospholipids are essential for the construction of eukaryotic cell membranes, which play a fundamental role in compartmentalising the biochemistry of life. The quantity and composition of phospholipids are tightly regulated during growth and development, and in response to environmental change, so that membranes always maintain their structure and function. Research in mammals and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has uncovered elegant metabolite signaling mechanisms, both transcriptional and post-translational, that allow the cell to sense changes in key lipid intermediates and adjust phospholipid synthesis (and turnover) accordingly. Analogous mechanisms are also likely to exist in plants but surprisingly they have not been elucidated. Because phospholipids are essential, genetic analysis of their regulation through loss-of-function is problematic. However, we have recently isolated an Arabidopsis thaliana double mutant in two phosphatidate phosphatases (pah1 pah2) that produces approximately twice as much phospholipid in its leaves as wild type plants. To our knowledge this is the first plant mutant to over-produce phospholipids and the gain-of-function phenotype provides a unique tool. The objective of this grant proposal is to use the pah1 pah2 mutant (and corresponding genes) to discover how phospholipid biosynthesis is regulated in Arabidopsis and to investigate how it is coordinated with cell cycle progression, which requires membrane biogenesis. This discovery will be of fundamental scientific interest, particularly as there is already evidence to show that many key elements of the regulatory mechanism(s) in plants must differ from those described in mammals or yeast.

磷脂对于真核细胞膜的构建至关重要，真核细胞膜在划分生命的生物化学方面发挥着基础作用。磷脂的数量和组成在生长和发育过程中受到严格调节，并响应环境变化，使膜始终保持其结构和功能。对哺乳动物和酵母（酿酒酵母）的研究发现了优雅的代谢信号传导机制（转录和翻译后），使细胞能够感知关键脂质中间体的变化并相应地调整磷脂合成（和周转）。类似的机制也可能存在于植物中，但令人惊讶的是它们尚未得到阐明。由于磷脂是必需的，因此通过功能丧失对其调节进行遗传分析是有问题的。然而，我们最近分离出了两种磷脂酸磷酸酶（pah1 pah2）的拟南芥双突变体，其叶子中产生的磷脂大约是野生型植物的两倍。据我们所知，这是第一个过量产生磷脂的植物突变体，并且功能获得表型提供了一种独特的工具。该资助提案的目的是利用 pah1 pah2 突变体（和相应的基因）来发现拟南芥中磷脂生物合成的调节方式，并研究它如何与细胞周期进程（需要膜生物发生）相协调。这一发现将具有根本性的科学意义，特别是因为已经有证据表明植物中调节机制的许多关键要素必须与哺乳动物或酵母中描述的那些不同。

项目成果

A phosphatidate phosphatase double mutant provides a new insight into plant membrane lipid homeostasis.

磷脂酸磷酸酶双突变体为植物膜脂质稳态提供了新的见解。

• DOI: http://dx.10.4161/psb.6.4.14748
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Plant signaling & behavior
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Eastmond PJ

A common signaling process that promotes mycorrhizal and oomycete colonization of plants.

促进植物菌根和卵菌定植的常见信号过程。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.043
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: CB
• 作者: Wang E