Hindu-Muslim-Jewish Origin Legends in Circulation between the Malabar Coast and the Mediterranean, 1400s-1800s

马拉巴尔海岸和地中海之间流传的印度教、穆斯林和犹太教起源传说，1400 年代至 1800 年代

• 批准号: AH/X002136/1
• 负责人: Ophira Gamliel
• 金额: $ 31.29万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FX002136%2F1
• 关键词: Hindu; Muslim; Jewish; Origin; Legends

The name of the legendary Hindu king Cheraman Perumal is documented in texts in different Asian and European languages as far back as the 1400s. This legendary king is associated with the division of the kingdom of Malabar (southwestern India) into twelve districts before converting to Islam and traveling to Mecca. The multiple tellings of the legend and its "conversion" into different religious settings provides rich empirical data for investigating processes and patterns of religious demarcation within and beyond regional and communal boundaries. The centrality of the Malabar Coast as a node in maritime networks between India, the Arab World, and Europe before and throughout the early modern period highlights the intertwined nature of maritime and religious networks. Our project is a first attempt to systematically analyse and historicise patterns of religious demarcation as reflected in the circulation of origin legends and their respective textual traditions.The project examines seven sources with different tellings of the Cheraman Perumal legend in Arabic, Malayalam, and Hebrew. Four of the seven tellings have been studied separately, two are known to scholars but not studied, and one will be studied for the first time in this project. The approach to the study of these tellings is innovative in historicising the literary and linguistic features of the texts rather than their contents alone, while reading them in conversation with each other. What patterns of inter- and intra-communal relations are underpinned by this intertextual conversation? How do linguistic and literary data account for broader concerns of religious demarcation, be it inclusive or exclusive, cohesive or divisive, within communities and political entities and between them? Addressing these questions has far-reaching implications for our knowledge on so-called 'religious identities', challenging the notion of religions as stable entities. Textual traditions such as the one under investigation rather underscore the multiplicity and fluidity in the ways communities perceive themselves and interact. By the end of the project, the first scholarly editions of the seven tellings in the three languages with English translations will be completed along with a critical analysis. Additionally, a typology of the linguistic features of languages-in-contact will be developed, featuring the first of its kind in terms of descriptive grammars. A digital map visualising the maritime nodes and links referred to in each text will demonstrate the intersections and divergences between religious networks along the maritime routes between the Malabar Coast and the Mediterranean. These textual traditions, their circulation, and their evolution are key to analysing the history of religious networks in the early modern Western Indian Ocean.

传奇的印度教国王Cheraman Perumal的名称记录在1400年代的不同亚洲和欧洲语言中。这位传奇的国王将马拉巴尔王国（印度西南部）分为十二个地区，然后转变为伊斯兰教并前往麦加。传说及其“转换为不同的宗教环境”的多重讲述为调查区域和社区边界内外的宗教界限的过程和模式提供了丰富的经验数据。马拉巴尔海岸作为印度，阿拉伯世界和欧洲之间和整个近代早期欧洲之间海上网络中的节点的中心地位，突出了海上和宗教网络的交织性质。我们的项目是第一次尝试系统地分析和历史性的宗教界限模式，这反映在原籍传说及其各自的文本传统中。该项目通过不同的讲述了阿拉伯语，马拉雅拉姆语和希伯来语的Cheraman Perumal Legend的七个来源。七个讲述中有四个是分别研究的，有两个是学者知道的，但未研究，其中一个将在该项目中首次研究。研究这些讲述的方法在历史上具有创新的文本和语言特征，而不是单独的内容，同时在彼此交谈中阅读它们。这种互文的对话支持了哪些模式和社区内关系的模式？语言和文学数据如何解释社区和政治实体内以及它们之间的宗教界限，包括包容性或独家，有凝聚力或分裂性的广泛关注？解决这些问题对我们对所谓“宗教身份”的知识具有深远的影响，挑战了宗教作为稳定实体的概念。诸如正在调查的文本传统中，强调了社区感知自己和互动的方式的多样性和流动性。到项目结束时，将完成三种用英语翻译的七种讲述的学术版，并进行批判性分析。此外，还将开发出语言语言特征的类型学，以描述性语法为特征。一张数字地图可视化每个文本中提到的海上节点和链接的数字地图将证明沿着马拉巴尔海岸和地中海之间的海上路线之间的宗教网络之间的交叉点和分歧。这些文字传统，流通和进化是分析现代西部印度洋早期宗教网络历史的关键。