Women's Work and Working Women: A Longitudinal Study of Women Working in the British Film and Television Industries (1933-1989)

妇女的工作和职业女性：英国电影和电视行业女性工作的纵向研究（1933-1989）

基本信息

批准号：
AH/K006940/1
负责人：
Melanie Bell
金额：
$ 62.22万
依托单位：
Newcastle University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FK006940%2F1
关键词：
Women Work Working Longitudinal Study

项目摘要

This project assesses the contribution women have made to film/TV production in Britain, during a period of considerable social change for women and substantial institutional change for the industries: 1933-89. Whilst a minority have worked in 'above-the-line' roles (directors, costume designers), thousands have been employed in 'below-the-line' roles as hairdressers, continuity 'girls', production assistants, and negative cutters, yet their history has barely been studied. Much of their work has been undervalued by academic scholarship which has privileged auteur-directors, and its study hampered by scarce archival sources. This research project looks at the historical relations between women & production by exploring women's contribution through ACT/T trade union records and oral history testimony. From 1933-89 film & commercial TV operated as a closed shop and BBC employment was similarly regulated. By tracing women's contribution through union membership this project will provide empirical data about how many women worked in the industries, their roles and their movement between film/TV. This data will be supplemented by oral history interviews with women which explore their working lives. In bringing these two approaches together this project will unlock previously hidden evidence about women's work, and develop new ways of conceptualising and historicising the film/TV industries through the experiences of below-the-line workers. This will have a wider impact on both the study of film/TV and our understanding of the role of women in 20thC creative arts/industries. This 3.5-year project has 2 key parts. Part 1, based at the Universities of Newcastle & Sunderland, is led by the PI (Dr Melanie Bell) and CI (Dr Vicky Ball) and comprises a Research Associate (RA), a PhD, a major conference and papers, union training workshops, a website, an oral history project, and a monograph. The PhD will use historical union data to survey women in a chosen industry grade (e.g. producer, editor), and use written, oral & visual evidence from films to produce a number of case studies which analyse women's contributions to the field, thus extending our knowledge of women's work. The conference will draw together academics, archivists, TV/film industry personnel, and policy-makers to explore how long-established working practices have shaped the various dimensions of women's employment in the industries. The RA will lead the oral history component, recording interviews with 25 women, prioritising grades where few historical records remain e.g. make-up, wardrobe, continuity. The interview material will be hosted on a project website and used in BECTU union training workshops with current industry practitioners. The final project outcome (yr 3.5) will be a monograph by the PI/CI which analyses gender and production culture in ACT/T's 3 branches (Film Production, Laboratory, TV) and the BBC, assesses women's campaigning activities (ACTT Equality Committee) and provides case studies of women's work in Costume, Make-Up and Scriptwriting. Part 2, sub-contracted to the British Universities Film & Video Council, will produce a database of ACT/T union membership application data under agreement with the film/TV union, now named BECTU. Whilst the project team will work specifically on women's grades & pay, the database will hold membership application data for both women & men (67,000 apps. in total) ensuring its future potential as a major digital resource for other researchers. Published in yr 3 it will be hosted on a contextual website containing case studies & oral history material and maintained by the BUFVC beyond the life of the project. By bringing into clearer focus the historical gendering of working patterns & production cultures the project's findings will benefit academics/students of film/TV/gender/labour history, and provide a body of evidence which industry personnel/policy-makers may draw upon to intervene in current policy/practice.

该项目评估了妇女对英国电影/电视制作所做的贡献，这是妇女的巨大社会变革和行业的重大机构变革时期：1933 - 89年。虽然少数人从事“在线”角色（导演，服装设计师）工作，但成千上万的角色从事美发师，连续性“女孩”，生产助手和负面切割者的角色，但他们的历史几乎没有被研究。他们的大部分工作都被学术奖学金所低估了，该学术奖学金使Auteur-Dectors享有特权，并且其研究受到稀缺档案资源的阻碍。该研究项目通过通过ACT/T工会记录和口述历史证词来探讨妇女和生产之间的历史关系。从1933 - 89年开始，电影和商业电视是一家封闭式商店，而英国广播公司的就业也受到了类似的监管。通过通过工会会员资格追踪妇女的贡献，该项目将提供有关女性在行业中工作的妇女，她们的角色以及电影/电视之间的运动的经验数据。这些数据将通过对探索她们工作生活的女性的口述历史访谈来补充。在将这两种方法融合在一起的过程中，该项目将解锁以前隐藏的有关妇女工作的证据，并通过在线工人的经验来开发电影/电视行业的概念化和历史性的新方法。这将对电影/电视的研究以及我们对女性在第20届创意艺术/行业中的作用的理解产生更大的影响。这个3。5年的项目有2个关键部分。第1部分位于纽卡斯尔和桑德兰大学，由PI（Melanie Bell博士）和CI（Vicky Ball博士）领导，并包括研究助理（RA），博士学位，主要会议和论文，工会培训研讨会，网站，口述历史项目和一篇专着。博士将使用历史工会数据来调查所选行业级别的女性（例如生产者，编辑），并使用电影中的书面，口头和视觉证据来进行许多案例研究，以分析妇女对该领域的贡献，从而扩展我们对妇女工作的了解。该会议将汇集学者，档案管理员，电视/电影行业人员和政策制定者，以探讨悠久的工作实践如何塑造了妇女在行业中就业的各个方面。 RA将领导口述历史组成部分，对25名妇女进行访谈，并优先考虑几乎没有历史记录的成绩，例如化妆，衣柜，连续性。采访材料将在项目网站上托管，并在Bectu Union培训讲习班中与现有行业从业人员一起使用。最终的项目结果（YR 3.5）将是PI/CI的专着，该专着分析了ACT/T的3个分支机构（电影制作，实验室，电视）和BBC中的性别和生产文化，评估了妇女竞选活动（ACTT Equality委员会），并在服装，化妆和剧本中提供妇女工作的案例研究。第2部分分包给了英国大学电影和视频委员会，将与电影/电视工会达成协议（现名为Bectu）制定ACT/T Union会员申请数据的数据库。虽然项目团队将专门从事妇女的成绩和薪酬，但数据库将持有女性和男性的会员申请数据（总共67,000个应用程序），以确保其未来作为其他研究人员的主要数字资源的潜力。它在YR 3上发表，它将托管在包含案例研究和口述历史材料的上下文网站上，并由BUFVC维护，超出了项目的寿命。通过更清楚地将工作模式和生产文化的历史性别重点放在项目中，项目的发现将使电影/电视/性别/劳工历史的学者/学生受益，并提供一系列行业人员/政策制定者可以利用这些证据来干预当前的政策/实践。