ALTERING BEHAVIORAL RISK FOR DRUG DEPENDENCE

改变药物依赖的行为风险

基本信息

批准号：
2898067
负责人：
Don R Cherek
金额：
$ 17.51万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-05-01 至 2002-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Traditional approaches to the problem of drug dependence have focused upon treatment after drug dependence has been well established. A number of pharmacotherapy approaches to the treatment of drug dependence have been undertaken, and these studies have consistently produced negative results. In fact, the very drugs we propose to study in this application have been investigated as possible treatment for drug dependence. Even though these drugs are not effective in the treatment of drug dependent patients, such drugs may not be used to alter behaviors which place individuals at high risk for drug dependence. Once the drug reinforcement and associated dependence are in operation in the drug dependent individual, such drug interventions may be of little value. In the non drug dependent individual, these drugs may be effective via a totally different mechanisms. Modifying high risk behaviors, like aggression and impulsivity, may reduce the probability that the individual will engage in drug seeking prior to the development of drug dependence. Rather than attempting to interfere with the reinforcing effects of the drug of abuse the proposed research would be an initial step toward examining the possibility of reducing drug seeking by altering antecedent high risk behaviors. In this application, we propose to examine an area of research which may lead to a different approach to the treatment of drug dependence, namely the pharmacological alteration of certain classes of behavior which are associated with drug dependence and place individuals at high risk for drug dependence. These behaviors are aggression and impulsivity; taken together they contribute a "temperament" which has been predictive of subsequent drug dependence, aggression and criminal behavior. We propose to examine the alteration of aggressive and impulsive behavior under controlled laboratory conditions employing drugs which have been used to treat patients with similar types of behavior problems. There is suggestive evidence that these drugs may be useful in altering behaviors which frequently lead to drug dependence. Four pharmacological agents will be used to examine their effects on aggressive and impulsive behavior in two different populations of subjects: (1) subjects with a history of childhood conduct disorder (CD) + current antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), probably the highest risk population and (2) matched controls the drug to be employed are: carbamazepine, fenfluramine, methylphenidate and paroxetine. The proposed research will provide information about the effects of selected therapeutics agents on fundamental aspects of behavior (aggression and impulsivity) which may place individuals at risk for drug dependence. Pharmacological effects of these therapeutics drugs on such behavior in a high risk population may provide information relating to alternative strategies in dealing with drug dependence.

传统的药物依赖问题的方法集中在药物依赖后的治疗已得到很好的确定。许多药物治疗药物依赖性的方法已经进行的，这些研究始终产生负面结果。实际上，我们建议在此应用中研究的药物是研究了药物依赖性的可能治疗方法。即使这些药物在治疗药物方面无效受抚养患者，这种药物可能不会用于改变行为将个体处于毒品依赖的高风险。一旦药物药物中的强化和相关依赖性正在运行依赖的人，这种药物干预可能几乎没有价值。在非药物依赖人，这些药物可能通过A生效完全不同的机制。修改高风险行为，例如侵略性和冲动性可能会降低个人的可能性将在开发药物依赖之前从事药物寻求药物。而不是试图干扰滥用药物拟议的研究将是迈向的第一步通过改变先决条件来检查减少药物寻求药物的可能性高风险行为。在此应用程序中，我们建议研究一个研究领域导致对药物依赖治疗的不同方法，即某些行为类别的药理改变是与毒品依赖相关，并使个人处于高风险药物依赖。这些行为是侵略性和冲动性。拍摄他们共同贡献了一种“气质”，这已经预测了随后的毒品依赖，侵略和犯罪行为。我们建议检查侵略性和冲动行为的改变受控的实验室条件，采用曾经用过的药物治疗具有类似行为问题的患者。有暗示性证据表明这些药物可能有助于改变行为这经常导致药物依赖。四个药理学剂将用于检查其对侵略性和冲动行为的影响两个不同的主题人群：（1）具有历史的受试者儿童行为障碍（CD） +当前的反社会人格障碍（ASPD），可能是风险最高的人群，（2）匹配对照要使用的药物是：卡马西平，芬氟拉明，甲基苯甲酸酯和帕罗西汀。拟议的研究将提供有关选定的治疗剂对行为基本方面的影响（侵略性和冲动）可能会使个人处于毒品的危险中依赖。这些治疗药物对此类药物的药理作用高风险人群中的行为可能会提供与处理药物依赖的替代策略。