EVOLUTION OF ESSENTIAL TRANSLATIONAL PATHWAYS IN ARCHAEA

古生菌基本翻译途径的进化

• 批准号: 2857291
• 负责人: DIETER SOLL
• 金额: $ 20.29万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-01-01 至 2001-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2857291
• 关键词: Archaea; RNA biosynthesis; aminoacyl tRNA; biochemical evolution; genetic translation

(adapted from investigator's abstract): This proposal will investigate a number of unique components of the archael translation apparatus which are essential for the faithful decoding of mRNA into protein. Correctly amino- aceylated tRNAs are required for accurate ribosomal translation. They are generally believed to be provided solely by the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, a ubiquitous and highly conserved family of enzymes found throughout the living kingdom. However, many organisms and some organelles lack at least one aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. In these organisms and organelles Gln-tRNA is formed by the amidation of glutamate mis acylated to t-RNA Gln. The P.I. has recently shown that a comparable pathway also exists for the synthesis of Asn-tRNA in Archaea. Thus amino acid transformations, previously only associated with intermediary metabolism, are a key requirement for translational fidelity particularly in Archaea. A second unique feature of archael aminoacyl-tRNA formation is the use of enzymes distinct from any yet found in either eubacteria or eukaryotes to generate lysyl-tRNA and cysteinyl-tRNA.

（根据调查员的摘要改编）：该提案将调查 Archael翻译设备的独特组件数量 将mRNA忠实地解码为蛋白质所必需的。正确地氨基 为了准确的核糖体翻译，需要乙基化的trNA。他们是 通常认为仅由氨基酰基-TRNA提供 合成酶，无处不在且高度保守的酶家族 在整个王国。但是，许多生物和一些细胞器 缺乏至少一个氨基酰基-TRNA合成酶，谷氨酰胺基-TRNA合成酶。 在这些生物和细胞器中，gln-tRNA是由 谷氨酸误导至T-RNA GLN。 P.I.最近已经表明 可比的途径也存在于古细菌中ASN-tRNA的合成。 因此，氨基酸转化，以前仅与 中介代谢，是翻译保真度的关键要求 特别是在古细菌中。 Archael氨基酰基-TRNA的第二个独特功能 形成是使用与任何一个都尚未发现的酶的使用 真菌或真核生物产生赖氨酸-TRNA和胱烷基-TRNA。