Rice Straw Biogas Hub

稻草沼气中心

• 批准号: 75940
• 金额: $ 224.43万
• 依托单位: STRAW INNOVATIONS LTD
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Collaborative R&D
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=75940
• 关键词: Rice; Straw; Biogas; Hub

Rice is the number 1 food crop globally: 91% of it is produced and consumed in Asia and it is the staple for more than half the world's population. However, for every kilogram of rice we eat, a kilo of straw is also produced. Not to be confused with husks, which cover the grains and are taken to a mill, the stems and leaves of the rice plant are left in the fields after harvest. Rice straw is difficult to remove from paddy fields, which are often flooded and in remote areas. It is high in silica, making it a poor fuel or animal feed.It is also not suitable to incorporate into flooded rice fields due to slow degradation and high greenhouse gas emissions, so burning is farmers' main option for clearing fields. Across Asia, a staggering 300 million tonnes of rice straw go up in smoke every year, releasing a lethal cocktail of gases and black carbon that triple risks of increased respiratory diseases and accelerate climate change. Rice is responsible for 48% of global crop emissions: more CO2e than the whole global aviation industry combined. A recent IFPRI study calculated the health costs of crop residue burning to be $30 billion annually in North India alone, rising to $190 billion in five years.To address this crisis a British SME, Straw Innovations Ltd, was started in 2016 as a spin-out from pioneering international research on the subject. The company's founder, Craig Jamieson, assembled consortia and secured Energy Catalyst co-funding to establish an industrial pilot plant in the Philippines, collecting rice straw and fermenting it to produce clean-burning methane gas. The whole system had to be specially designed since no existing technologies were suitable for the purpose.The plant is now operational, with many techno-economic breakthroughs. Local farmers strongly support it and are waiting for scale-up so they can benefit from its efficient, clean energy services. Rice is known as a "Poverty Crop" because farmers often struggle to afford energy-intensive equipment that could improve their yields add value to their crop. Therefore, this project will demonstrate a complete system of 500ha harvesting, straw removal, biogas-powered rice drying and storage plus efficient milling. The "Rice Straw Biogas Hub" will offer these as affordable, value-adding commercial services to the rice farmers, avoiding their need to buy and maintain expensive equipment, and enabling them to triple incomes whilst protecting the environment.

大米是全球排名第一的粮食作物：其中91％在亚洲生产和消费，这是全球一半以上人口的主食。但是，对于我们吃的每公斤大米，还会生产一公斤稻草。不要与覆盖谷物并被带到磨坊的果壳混淆，稻米植物的茎和叶在收获后留在田野中。稻草很难从通常被洪水泛滥的稻田中移走。它的二氧化硅含量很高，使其成为较差的燃料或动物饲料。由于缓慢的降解和高温室气体排放，它也不适合将其纳入淹没的稻田中，因此燃烧是农民清除田间的主要选择。在整个亚洲，每年有惊人的3亿吨稻草在烟雾中浮动，释放出致命的气体和黑碳鸡尾酒，呼吸道疾病增加并加速气候变化的三重风险。稻米负责全球作物排放量的48％：二氧化碳比整个全球航空业的总和更多。一项最近的IFPRI研究计算出，仅在印度北部，农作物残留物燃烧的健康成本每年为300亿美元，在五年内上涨至1900亿美元。为了解决这一英国中小型企业，Straw Innovations Ltd的危机，是从2016年开始的。该公司的创始人克雷格·贾米森（Craig Jamieson）组装了财团，并获得了能源催化剂联合资金，在菲律宾建立了一家工业飞行员工厂，收集稻草并发酵它以生产清洁燃烧的甲烷气体。由于没有现有技术适合该目的，因此必须专门设计整个系统。该工厂现已运行，具有许多技术经济的突破。当地农民强烈支持它，并正在等待扩大规模，以便他们可以从其高效，清洁的能源服务中受益。米斯被称为“贫困作物”，因为农民常常难以负担能够提高其产量的能源密集型设备，从而为农作物带来了价值。因此，该项目将展示完整的系统，包括500公顷收获，稻草去除，沼气驱动的稻干和储存以及有效的铣削。 “稻草沼气中心”将为稻农提供负担得起的，增值的商业服务，避免他们购买和维护昂贵的设备的需求，并使他们能够在保护环境的同时获得三重收入。