CHS-ULTRASOUND READING

CHS-超声读数

• 批准号: 2595072
• 负责人: DANIEL H. O'LEARY
• 金额: $ 38.42万
• 依托单位: GEISINGER HEALTH SYSTEM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-02-01 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2595072
• 关键词: aorta disorder; blood chemistry; cardiovascular disorder diagnosis; cardiovascular disorder epidemiology; carotid artery; diabetes mellitus; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; disease /disorder proneness /risk; echocardiography; handbook; human old age (65+); human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; patient /disease registry; spirometry; telecommunications; training; ultrasonography; videotape /videodisc

The Cardiovascular Health Study is a population-based, longitudinal study of risk factors for the development and progression of coronary heart disease and stroke in adults over the age of 65 years. Both risk factors established in middle-aged population and suspected risk factors are examined and include hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance and diabetes, and cigarette smoking. Since atherosclerosis is prevalent in the elderly, the study focuses on factors thought to induce clinically overt disease. It does so in two ways: (1) It assesses the prediction of clinical disease from non-invasive measure of preclinical disease, such as carotid atherosclerosis, left ventricular impairment, and arrhythmias of episodes of myocardial ischemia. (2) Since cardiovascular events may occur in elderly people as a result of health or life circumstances which may have changed in the months preceding the event, the study contacts participants at frequent intervals to evaluate their status with respect to concurrent disease, social support networks, stressful life situations, diet, physical activity, and other risk factors. The study has three secondary objectives pertaining to the elderly populations: (1) to evaluate the factors associated with preclinical cardiovascular disease such as carotid atherosclerosis, left ventricular impairment and episodes of arrhythmia or myocardial ischemia; (2) to evaluate predictors of disability, institutionalization and mortality in participants who have coronary heart disease or stroke; and (3) to measure the utilization and impact of medical care services for coronary heart disease and stroke. Currently, risk associations are identified with clinical disease by the accumulation of events. Risk estimates are compared in subgroups of participants, such as women versus men, African-American versus Caucasian, those older versus younger than 75 years, or those with versus without prevalent clinical or subclinical disease. Risk estimates are compared in subtypes of disease, such as fatal versus non-fatal myocardial infarction, symptomatic versus silent myocardial ischemia, or fatal versus non-fatal stroke. Estimates are compared of longer-term (5-10 year) versus short-term (1-3 year) CVD risk. The study is also; determining whether presence or progression of subclinical disease (abnormalities detected non-invasively without signs or symptoms) are better predictors of clinical disease than traditional risk factors; identifying determinants of change in subclinical disease; identifying characteristics of subgroups at low risk for developing CVD (in whom preventive measures may be unnecessary). The primary objective of the Ultrasound Reading Center is to develop and implement a system to assess atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries using ultrasound. This involves (1) coordinating development of a protocol for ultrasound examinations at the field Centers and a method for evaluating extent of carotid atherosclerosis, (2) training ultrasound technicians of each Field Center, (3) interpreting all ultrasound examinations and (4) monitoring the ultrasound examinations at all field Centers. During the periods of data collection, the Ultrasound Reading Center shall have the responsibility of assessing within and between individual variation among technicians and codes.

心血管健康研究是一项基于人群的纵向 研究冠状动脉发展和发展的风险因素 65岁以上的成年人心脏病和中风。两者都有风险 在中年人口和可疑危险因素中建立的因素 检查并包括高胆固醇血症，高血压，葡萄糖 不耐受和糖尿病以及吸烟。自动脉粥样硬化以来 在老年人中很普遍，该研究重点是被认为的因素 诱发临床明显的疾病。它以两种方式做到了：（1）评估 通过非侵入性测量的临床疾病预测 临床前疾病，例如颈动脉粥样硬化，剩下的心室 心肌缺血发作的障碍和心律不齐。 （2） 由于心血管事件可能发生在老年人中 几个月内可能发生了变化的健康或生活环境 在活动之前，研究经常与参与者联系 间隔以评估其在并发疾病方面的状态， 社会支持网络，压力大的生活状况，饮食，身体 活动和其他风险因素。 该研究有三个与老年人有关的次要目标 种群：（1）评估与临床前有关的因素 心血管疾病，例如颈动脉粥样硬化，左心室 心律不齐或心肌缺血的障碍和发作； （2）至 评估残疾，制度化和死亡率的预测指标 在患有冠心病或中风的参与者中； （3）到 衡量医疗服务对冠状动脉的利用和影响 心脏病和中风。 目前，风险关联与临床疾病相关 事件的积累。比较了风险估计的亚组 参加者，例如女性与男性，非裔美国人与 高加索人，年龄较大的年龄在75岁以下的人，或 相对于没有普遍的临床或亚临床疾病。风险估计 比较疾病亚型，例如致命与非致命 心肌梗塞，症状与沉默的心肌缺血， 或致命与非致命中风。比较长期的估计 （5 - 10年）与短期（1 - 3年）CVD风险。 该研究也是；确定是否存在还是进展 亚临床疾病（非侵入性的异常，没有迹象 或症状）是临床疾病的更好的预测指标 风险因素；确定亚临床疾病变化的决定因素； 确定开发CVD风险低的亚组的特征 （在其中可能不必要的预防措施）。 超声阅读中心的主要目标是发展和 实施一个评估颈动脉动脉粥样硬化的系统 使用超声。这涉及（1）协调一个 在现场中心进行超声检查的协议和一种方法 为了评估颈动脉粥样硬化的程度，（2）训练 每个野外中心的超声技术人员，（3）解释全部 超声检查和（4）监视超声检查 在所有现场中心。在数据收集期间， 超声阅读中心有责任评估 技术人员和代码之间的个体变化之间和之间。