CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF AQUATIC TOXINS

水生毒素的化学和生物化学

基本信息

批准号：
2734429
负责人：
YUZURU SHIMIZU
金额：
$ 26.21万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1980
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1980-09-01 至 2000-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The proposed research is to elucidate the chemistry and biosynthesis of algal and other aquatic toxins which have serious impact on public health. The chemical work is intended to provide basic information to design preventive and curative measures, and also to discover new site-specific toxins as tools to investigate important biological mechanisms involving neural receptors such as sodium channels and glutamate receptors. The biosynthesis work is intended to elucidate the sites of formation and unique metabolic pathways in aquatic organisms. The resulting information will help to consider such important issues as the virulency acquisition of red tide organisms and marine animals, and the mass production of important marine products. Specifically, the structures, distribution, and biosynthesis of 1) excitatory amino acids such as domoic acid and kainic acid; 2) paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) such as saxitoxin and gonyautoxins; 3) polyether toxins such as brevetoxins and okadaic acid derivatives; 4) blue-green algal toxins such as cyanoginosins and aphanorphin; 5) tetrodotoxin and its derivatives will be investigated. The work will involve the culturing of organisms, analysis and purification of toxins using chromatographic methods, structure elucidation by modern spectroscopic methods such as 2D-NMR and X-ray crystallography, and isotope labeling studies using both stable and radioactive isotopes. Isolated toxins will be provided to neurophysiologists for pharmacological studies.

拟议的研究旨在阐明以下物质的化学和生物合成藻类和其他水生毒素对公众健康造成严重影响。化学工作旨在为设计提供基本信息预防和治疗措施，并发现新的针对特定地点的措施毒素作为研究重要生物机制的工具神经受体，例如钠通道和谷氨酸受体。这生物合成工作旨在阐明形成位点和水生生物独特的代谢途径。结果信息将有助于考虑诸如毒力获得等重要问题赤潮生物和海洋动物，以及重要的大量生产海产。具体来说，1) 的结构、分布和生物合成兴奋性氨基酸，例如软骨藻酸和红藻氨酸； 2）瘫痪贝类毒素（PSP），例如石房蛤毒素和沟藻毒素； 3) 聚醚毒素，例如短链毒素和大田酸衍生物； 4）蓝绿色藻类毒素，例如氰基肌苷和阿法诺啡； 5) 河豚毒素及其衍生品将受到调查。这项工作将涉及生物体的培养、分析和纯化使用色谱方法分析毒素，通过现代技术解析结构光谱方法，例如 2D-NMR 和 X 射线晶体学以及同位素使用稳定同位素和放射性同位素进行标记研究。孤立毒素将提供给神经生理学家进行药理学研究。