DETERMINATION OF NEUROTRANSMITTER PHENOTYPE IN RETINA

视网膜神经递质表型的测定

• 批准号: 2711083
• 负责人: SALLY Ann MOODY
• 金额: $ 19.73万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-08-01 至 2000-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2711083
• 关键词: Xenopus; alternatives to animals in research; amacrine cells; biological signal transduction; cell transplantation; developmental neurobiology; gene expression; histogenesis; immunofluorescence technique; injection /infusion; neurotransmitters; nonmammalian vertebrate embryology; phenotype; retina; transcription factor

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): This project focuses on elucidating the mechanisms by which different amacrine subtypes are determined in the developing Xenopus retina. During the past grant period it was shown that different subtypes, as defined by their neurotransmitter phenotype, arise from unique subsets of embryonic precursors. This result calls into question the prevailing notion that lineage-independent developmental mechanisms are the sole determinants of cell fate. In the next grant period, 4 questions will be investigated: (1) whether clones that produce particular subtypes of amacrine cells are capable of changing fate to produce other types; (2) whether small clusters of cells of common subtype arise via a common precursor or through local inductions; (3) whether the expression of two recently identified Xenopus transcription factors, XlPOU-2 and XDII-1, influence retinal cell fate of precursor blastomeres; and (4) what signaling pathways do cleavage-stage blastomeres require to express retinal lineages. Techniques to be used include lineage analysis by tracer injection, blastomere transplantation and photoablation, mitotic blockade, and altering gene expression through injection of normal or mutant oligonucleotides or mRNA.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：该项目重点 关于阐明不同的无聚氨酸亚型的机制 在发育中的爪蟾视网膜中确定。在过去的赠款中 时期表明，不同的亚型，由其定义 神经递质表型，来自胚胎的独特子集 前体。这个结果引起了质疑的盛行的观念 谱系无关的发育机制是唯一的决定因素 细胞命运。在下一个赠款期间，将有4个问题 调查：（1）是否产生特定亚型的克隆 无长束细胞能够改变命运以产生其他类型。 （2） 公共亚型的小细胞是否通过公共出现 前体或通过局部归纳； （3）是否表达 最近确定了两个Xenopus转录因子XLPOU-2和 XDII-1，影响前体囊泡的视网膜细胞命运； （4） 乳沟阶段胚胎需要什么信号通路才能表达 视网膜谱系。 要使用的技术包括谱系分析 示踪剂注射，胚胎移植和光启动，有丝分裂 通过注射正常或 突变寡核苷酸或mRNA。