FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF MULTITENDONED FINGER MUSCLES

多腱手指肌肉的功能组织

• 批准号: 2502993
• 负责人: MARC H SCHIEBER
• 金额: $ 18.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-08 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2502993
• 关键词: Primates; clinical research; electromyography; electronic stimulator; fingers; human subject; limb movement; muscle tension; neuroanatomy; neuromuscular function; neurophysiology; striated muscles; tendons

DESCRIPTION (Investigator's Abstract): The long term goal of this project is to understand how finger muscles produce individuated finger movements--those in which one or more fingers are moved without moving the others. Though each finger often is assumed to be moved by its own muscles, the extrinsic muscles that provide most of the flexing and extending power typically send tendons to multiple fingers. This anatomic fact presents a paradox: contractions of these multitendoned muscles should move multiple fingers simultaneously. Individuated flexion and extension of the fingers are hypothesized to be possible because: i) functional subdivisions within some multitendoned muscles may apply tension relatively selectively to some of the muscle's tendons, and ii) the forces produced by different multitendoned muscles may combine such that the net forces on each finger cause one digit to move while other digits are held still. The proposed studies specifically aim to address the following 6 questions: 1) Does each neuromuscular compartment in multitendoned finger muscles distribute tension to more than one tendon? 2) Do single motor units in these muscles distribute tension to multiple tendons? 3) Do mechanical interconnections between a muscle's tendons passively distribute tension to multiple fingers? 4) Do single motor units in human finger muscles act on multiple fingers? 5) Do humans co-contract several multitendoned finger muscles to produce individuated movement of one finger while holding other fingers still? 6) Can the mechanical action of several multitendoned muscles combine to move one finger while holding the other fingers still? These studies will result in an improved basic understanding of how multitendoned finger muscles function, which can translate into: i) production of useful finger movements by functional electrical stimulation of these muscles in patients with brain or spinal cord injury, ii) more accurate botulinum toxin injections for treatment of the hand's focal dystonias, and iii) more appropriate tendon transfers for reconstruction of a useful hand in patients debilitated by forearm trauma. Moreover, results of the proposed studies of muscles will have broad implications for understanding how finger movements are controlled by the central nervous system.

描述（研究者摘要）：该项目的长期目标 就是了解手指肌肉如何产生个性化的手指 移动——移动一根或多根手指而不移动手指的动作 其他的。 虽然每个手指通常被认为是由自己的肌肉移动的， 提供大部分弯曲和伸展力量的外在肌肉 通常将肌腱发送到多个手指。 这个解剖学事实提出了一个 悖论：这些多腱肌肉的收缩应该移动多个 手指同时。 个性化的手指弯曲和伸展 假设是可能的，因为： i) 内部的功能细分 一些多腱肌肉可能相对选择性地对某些肌肉施加张力 肌肉腱的力量，以及 ii) 不同部位产生的力 多腱肌肉可以结合起来，使得每个手指上的净力 导致一位数字移动，而其他数字保持静止。 拟议的 研究的具体目的是解决以下 6 个问题：1） 多腱手指肌肉中的神经肌肉室分散张力 到不止一根肌腱？ 2）在这些肌肉中进行单一运动单位 将张力分散到多根肌腱上？ 3）进行机械互连 肌肉肌腱之间的张力被动地分配到多个手指？ 4）人类手指肌肉中的单个运动单位是否作用于多个手指？ 5）人类是否通过多个多腱手指肌肉共同收缩来产生 在保持其他手指不动的情况下单独移动一根手指？ 6） 几块多腱肌的机械动作能联合起来运动吗 一根手指同时保持其他手指不动？ 这些研究将产生 提高对多腱手指肌肉如何运作的基本了解 功能，可以转化为：i）产生有用的手指 通过对患者这些肌肉进行功能性电刺激来进行运动 脑或脊髓损伤，ii) 更准确的肉毒杆菌毒素 用于治疗手部局灶性肌张力障碍的注射，以及 iii) 更多 适当的肌腱转移以重建患者有用的手 因前臂外伤而变得虚弱。 此外，拟议研究的结果 肌肉对于理解手指如何运动具有广泛的影响 均受中枢神经系统控制。